| 保护性耕作对旱作夏玉米光合和水分利用效率日变化的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 禄兴丽,Sikander Khan Tanveer.保护性耕作对旱作夏玉米光合和水分利用效率日变化的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(9):3809-3812. |
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| 作者姓名： | 禄兴丽 Sikander Khan Tanveer |
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| 作者单位： | 西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌,712100;西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌,712100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目，西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目，西北农林科技大学国际科技合作项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]探讨保护性耕作对旱作夏玉米(Zea mays L.)光合和水分利用效率日变化的影响,为该地区完善和推广该技术提供理论依据。方法]以传统翻耕无覆盖(CT)为对照,研究西北旱作地区免耕不覆盖(NT)和免耕秸秆还田(NTS)处理对夏玉米抽雄-吐丝期叶片光合特性和水分利用效率(WUE)日变化的影响。结果]夏玉米光合速率(Pn)日变化呈"单峰"型曲线,日均Pn为NTSCTNT。气孔导度(Gs)早上出现高峰,中午和下午降至低水平小幅波动,日均为NTSNTCT。WUE变化趋势与Pn相似,表现出明显的正相关性(R2=0.701*),玉米叶片WUE日均值NTSCTNT,NTS处理效果显著,说明免耕秸秆还田处理提高玉米WUE作用较好。胞间CO2浓度(Ci)与Pn变化表现出负相关性,蒸腾速率(Tr)日变化也为"单峰"型曲线,与Pn表现出明显的正相关性(R2=0.895**),日均Tr值为NTSCTNT。结论]免耕秸秆还田措施下玉米Pn、Gs、WUE均高于传统翻耕。因此在西北旱作夏玉米田实施免耕秸秆还田既有利于作物对有限降水的高效利用,也可促进农田系统生产力可持续提高,是较为适宜的一项耕作措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 保护性耕作 旱作农田 夏玉米 光合作用 水分利用效率 |
Effects of Conservation Tillage on Diurnal Variation of Leaf Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency of Summer Maize under Rainfed Condition |
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| Institution: | LU Xing-li et al (College of Agronomy, Northwest A ＆ F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100) |
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| Abstract: | Objective ] The aim was to study the effects of conservation tillage on diurnal variation of leaf photosynthesis and water use effi- ciency （WUE） of summer maize under rainfed condition, to provide a theoretical basis for perfection and popularization of this cultivation tech- nology in this area. Method] Photosynthesis characteristics and WUE were studied in different tillage methods including zero tillage without residue（ NT）, zero tillage with residue（NTS） and conventional tillage（CT）. Result] The results showed that the diurnal change of photo- synthesis rate （Pn） was a single peak curve and the daily average of Pn was in order： NTS 〉 CT 〉 NT. Stomata conductance （Gs ）value was higher in the morning than that in afternoon and the daily average of G was in order： NTS 〉 CT 〉 NT. WUE was positively correlated with Pn （ R2 = 0.701 ＊ ） and the daily average of WUE was in order： NTS 〉 CT 〉 NT, which indicated that NTS increased WUE better than that of the other treatments. Intercellular CO2 concentration（ C~ ） had a negative relationship with Pn, the diurnal change of transpiration rate（ Tr ） was a single peak curve and the daily average of Tr was in order： NTS 〉 CT 〉 NT. Conclusion] It suggested that NTS treatment had a higher value in Pn, Gs and WUE than CT. So using of NTS tillage method is better for WUE and productivity increasing in Northwest of China under rainfed condition. |
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| Keywords: | Conservation tillage Rainfed farming field Summer corn Photosynthesis Water use efficiency |
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