Effect of improved cultural practices on crop yield and soil salinity under relatively saline groundwater applications |
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| Authors: | Muhammad Ashraf Muhammad Mazhar Saeed |
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| Institution: | (1) Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources, Khyaban-e-Johar Road, H-8/1, Islamabad, Pakistan;(2) Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | The salinity in the root zone increases with the application of relatively saline groundwater. Therefore, a limited water
supply coupled with high pumping cost and salinity hazards, makes it more important than ever that irrigation water be used
efficiently and judiciously. In the present study, farmer's practices of irrigation application methods (Field 1) were compared
with the water saving techniques (Field 2) for crop yield and salinization for two years with maize–wheat–dhanicha cropping
pattern. For maize crop, regular furrow method of irrigation was used in Field 1 and alternate furrow method of irrigation
was used in Field 2. For wheat experiments, basin irrigation method of water application was compared with bed and furrow
method. For dhanicha, basin irrigation was applied in both the fields. The results showed that about 36% water was saved by
applying irrigation water in alternate furrows in each season without compromising the maize crop yield. The salt accumulation
in root zone in alternate furrow field was less than that in regular furrow field. The salinity level near the surface increased
substantially in both the fields. The water saving in wheat crop under bed and furrow was 9–12% in both seasons. The salinization
process in both fields during wheat crop was almost same except redistribution of salts throughout the root zone in basin
field of wheat. The salinity developed in root zone during two major growing seasons was leached in monsoon. |
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| Keywords: | alternate furrows bed and furrow crop rotation crop water use improved applied irrigation Indus basin root zone salinity regular furrows |
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