| 103份桃种质在南京地区的需冷量和需热量研究 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 张明昊,严娟,蔡志翔,沈志军,马瑞娟,张春华,徐子媛,俞明亮.103份桃种质在南京地区的需冷量和需热量研究[J].果树学报,2021(1). |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 张明昊 严娟 蔡志翔 沈志军 马瑞娟 张春华 徐子媛 俞明亮 |
| |
| 作者单位： | ;1.南京农业大学园艺学院;2.江苏省农业科学院果树研究所·江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-30);桃、草莓种质资源的收集、鉴定、编目、繁种与入库(圃)保存(19190156);国家园艺种质南京桃、草莓分库(NHGRC2020-NH16)。 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 【目的】用不同模型估算南京资源圃103份桃种质花芽和叶芽的需冷量和需热量,筛选花芽和叶芽需冷量和需热量的最佳估算模型,探讨需冷量、需热量与开花展叶的关系。【方法】连续2 a(年)(2018年11月—2019年4月和2019年11月—2020年4月),采用3种需冷量估算模型和2种需热量估算模型对103份桃种质(南京地区)的花芽和叶芽需冷量和需热量进行估算,并对不同年际间、不同模型间、不同种质间、花芽与叶芽间、需冷量与需热量间,以及需冷量和需热量与开花期和展叶期之间的关系进行了分析。【结果】0~7.2℃模型和有效积温模型为南京气候区域桃需冷量和需热量估算的最优模型。绝大部分桃种质的花芽和叶芽需冷量基本一致,仅‘帚形山桃’和‘红花山桃’2份种质的叶芽需冷量约为花芽的5倍。桃花芽需热量基本低于叶芽需热量;桃芽需冷量与需热量之间无显著相关关系。需冷量和需热量与盛花期和展叶期均存在相关关系,需冷量和需热量低的种质开花展叶早;需冷量和需热量高的种质开花展叶晚。【结论】适宜南京气候区域桃需冷量和需热量估算的模型分别是0~7.2℃模型和有效积温模型;103份桃种质花芽和叶芽的需冷量和需热量值范围广,分别为151~1 264 h和187~1 108 h,256~391 D·℃和267~498 D·℃;花芽需冷量与叶芽较一致,需热量则基本低于叶芽;需冷量与需热量无相关关系,二者对开花、展叶均起重要作用。
|
| 关 键 词： | 桃 需冷量 需热量 花芽 叶芽 盛花期 展叶期 |
Chilling and heat requirements of 103 germplasms of peach in Nanjing |
| |
| ZHANG Minghao,YAN Juan,CAI Zhixiang,SHEN Zhijun,MA Ruijuan,ZHANG Chunhua,XU Ziyuan,YU Mingliang.Chilling and heat requirements of 103 germplasms of peach in Nanjing[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2021(1). |
| |
| Authors: | ZHANG Minghao YAN Juan CAI Zhixiang SHEN Zhijun MA Ruijuan ZHANG Chunhua XU Ziyuan YU Mingliang |
| |
| Institution: | (College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China;Institute of Pomology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement,Nanjing 210014,China) |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objective】Chilling requirement(CR)and Heat requirement(HR)are important phenological traits of temperate deciduous fruit trees,and the amount of them varies with different species,and also varies with different varieties within the same species.For peach(Prunus persica L.),the CR of 660 germplasm resources have been evaluated,while only 70 resources’HR have been evaluated so far.Meanwhile,systematic comparison and correlation analysis of the CR and HR of floral buds and leaf buds using large peach samples have not been reported.In this research,different estimation models were used to calculate the CR and HR of 103 peach germplasm resources in Nanjing,to compare the CR and HR in floral and leaf buds and to explore the correlation between the CR and HR with florescence and leaf expanding.【Methods】Nov.2018 to Apr.2019-04(average temperature was 8.79℃)and Nov.2019 to Apr.2020(average temperature was 12.06℃),the CR for initial blooming and leaf bud breaking of 103 peach germplasm resources in Nanjing(southeast China,31°14’N 118°22’E)were studied by 2 estimation models,including growing degree hours model and effective temperature model.Analysis of the CR and HR of floral and leaf buds,and the correlation between the requirements and blooming and leaf expanding dates were conducted.【Results】The rangs of terminal stage of natural dormancy,blooming stage and leaf expansion stage among the 103 varieties were wide.The terminal stage of natural dormancy were between 1st Dec.And 15th Mar.,and blooming stage and leaf expansion stage were between 24th Feb.and 3rd Apr.,and between 3rd Mar.and 7th Apr.,respectively.The CRs of floral and leaf buds calculated by 0-7.2℃model(RSD were 6.74%and 7.93%for floral and leaf buds,respectively)were consistent in two years,while there were great difference in the results of different years calculated by 7.2℃model,its RSD were 9.88%and 9.57%for floral and leaf buds respectively,and the RSD of floral buds’CR was significantly higher than those obtained by 0-7.2℃model(p<0.01).Utah model couldn’t be used for low chilling requirement varieties or determining the starting date of low temperature accumulation.The HRs of floral and leaf buds calculated by effectuve temperature model(RSD were 9.05%and 5.68%for floral and leaf buds,respectively)were consistent in two years,there were also great difference in the results of different years obtained by growing degree hours model,its RSD were 10.55%and 14.61%for floral and leaf buds,respectively,and the RSD of leaf buds’HR was significantly higher than those calculated by effective temperature model(p<0.01).Therefore,0-7.2℃model and effective temperature model were more suitable for assessing the CR and the HR respectively in Nanjing area.The ranges of the CR and HR among the 103 varieties were wide,in which CRs of floral buds were between 151 and 1264 h,and of leaf buds were between 187 and 1108 h according to 0-7.2℃model.The HRs of floral buds were between 256 and 391 D·℃and of leaf buds were between 267 and 498 D·℃according to effective temperature model.We obtained some peach materials with low CR,including‘Yingchun’and‘Xialingbei 1’,as well as some peach materials with high CR,including‘Feicheng 51-28’,‘Xiangtao’and‘Juhuatao’.and slso we obtained some materials with low HR,including‘Xinjianghuangrou’,‘Yingqing’and‘Honghuashantao’,as well as some peach materials whit high HR,including‘Xinjiangdatianren’,‘Qingyedongtao’and‘Huayu’.The floral buds had almost the same CR with the leaf buds,with some exceptions,the leaf buds of‘Zhouxingshantao’and‘Honghuashantao’had CR about 5 times higher than that of the floral buds.The HR of the leaf buds was generally higher than what of the floral buds,for example,the HRs in leaf buds of‘Juhuatao’and‘Kashiliguang’were 1.5 times as high as those of their floral buds.There was no significant correlation between the CR and the HR in peach buds.Both the CR and the HR were related to the blooming date and leaf expansion date,the lower the CR and the HR,the earlier the dates of blooming and leaf expanding,While the higher the requirement,the later the dates of blooming and leaf expanding.【Conclusion】0-7.2℃model and effective temperature model were more suitable for assessing the CR and the HR of peach in Nanjing area;The 103 peach varieties had wide ranges of the CR and the HR;The floral buds had almost the same CR with leaf buds,but had lower HR than the that of leaf buds’;There was no significant correlation between the CR and the HR,and both the CR and the HR played important roles in blooming and leaf expanding. |
| |
| Keywords: | Peach Chilling requirement(CR) Heat requirement(HR) Floral bud Leaf bud Blooming date Leaf expansion date |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 等数据库收录！ |
|
