Molecular and morpho-physiological characterization of sea,ruderal and cultivated beets |
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| Authors: | Massimo Saccomani Piergiorgio Stevanato Daniele Trebbi J Mitchell McGrath Enrico Biancardi |
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| Institution: | (1) Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy;(2) Keygene N.V., Agro Business Park 90, 6708 PW Wageningen, The Netherlands;(3) USDA-ARS Sugar Beet and Bean Research, Michigan State University, 494 PSSB, East Lansing, MI 48824-1325, USA;(4) CRA-CIN Centro di Ricerca per le Colture Industriali, viale Amendola 82, 45100 Rovigo, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Beta vulgaris genetic resources are essential for broadening genetic base of sugar beet and developing cultivars adapted to adverse environmental
conditions. Wild beets (sea beets, B. vulgaris spp. maritima and their naturalized introgressions with cultivated beets known as ruderal beets) harbor substantial genetic diversity that
could be useful for beet improvement. Here, we compared molecular and morpho-physiological traits of wild beets collected
on the Adriatic coast of Italy with sugar beet using eight primer-pairs amplifying 194 polymorphic fragments and four root
traits (glucose and fructose content in the root tip, root elongation rate, number of the of root tips, total root length
and its distribution among diameters ranges). Genetic diversity was higher in the sea beet accession, which may be due to
the highly variable selection pressures that occur in heterogeneous ecological niches, compared with the ruderal and cultivated
beets. Sea and sugar beet accessions showed contrasting root patterns in response to sulfate deprivation: sugar beet showed
an increase of reducing sugars in the root tips and higher root elongation rate, and the sea beet accession showed an increase
in root tip number, total root length and fine root length (average diameter < 0.5 mm). The ruderal beet showed intermediary
responses to sea and sugar beet accessions. AFLP and morpho-physiological cluster analyzes showed sea, ruderal and cultivated
beets to be genetically distinct groups. The results of this study indicate variability in response to sulfate deprivation
is present in undomesticated beets that could be deployed for sugar beet improvement. |
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| Keywords: | Genetic resources Root plasticity Nutritional stress Sulfate deprivation AFLP |
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