| 氮肥减施对滴灌棉田NH3挥发及棉花养分吸收和产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王方斌,刘凯,孙嘉璘,殷星,侯振安.氮肥减施对滴灌棉田NH3挥发及棉花养分吸收和产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2020,57(9):1746-1753. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王方斌 刘凯 孙嘉璘 殷星 侯振安 |
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| 作者单位： | 石河子大学农学院资环系/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子 832003 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200100,2018YFD0800800);兵团中青年科技创新领军人才计划(2016BC001) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】 研究氮肥减施对滴灌棉田NH3挥发及养分利用和产量的影响。【方法】 采用田间试验,设置5个处理:(1)对照(不施氮肥,CK),(2)常规化肥(习惯施氮300 kg/hm2,T300),(3)常规化肥减氮20%(240 kg/hm2,T240),(4)酸性液体肥减氮20%(240 kg/hm2,L240),(5)酸性液体肥减氮35%(200 kg/hm2,L200)。【结果】 减氮处理(T240、L240、L200)土壤NH3挥发损失较T300处理分别降低31.1%、73.4%、78.8%。在同一减氮水平下,L240处理NH3挥发累积量较T240处理降低61.4%。T240和L240处理氮素吸收量显著优于T300处理,较T300处理分别增加了9.1%和12.6%。L240处理棉花磷素吸收量最高,较其它处理提高了11.7%~17.7%。T240和L240处理棉花产量显著高于T300处理,分别增加9.6%和12.6%。与T300处理相比,各减氮处理均可提高棉花氮肥利用率,其中氮肥表观利用率增加20.1%~24.9%。【结论】 酸性液体肥减氮20%显著降低滴灌棉田土壤NH3挥发损失,促进棉花氮磷素养分吸收,提高棉花产量和氮肥利用率。
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| 关 键 词： | 氮肥减施 滴灌棉田 NH3挥发 养分吸收 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-12-27 |
Effects of Nitrogen Reduction on NH3 Volatilization,Nutrient Uptake and Cotton Yield in Drip-irrigated Cotton Fields |
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| WANG Fangbin,LIU Kai,SUN Jialin,YIN Xin,HOU Zhenan.Effects of Nitrogen Reduction on NH3 Volatilization,Nutrient Uptake and Cotton Yield in Drip-irrigated Cotton Fields[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2020,57(9):1746-1753. |
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| Authors: | WANG Fangbin LIU Kai SUN Jialin YIN Xin HOU Zhenan |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps / College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the nitrogen fertilizer reduction on NH3 volatilization, nutrient use and cotton yield in drip-irrigated cotton field.【Methods】 The experiment consisted of 5 fertilization treatments: control (no N fertilization, CK), farmer conventional fertilization (300 kg/hm2, T300), conventional fertilization N reduced by 20% (240 kg/hm2, T240), acid liquid fertilizer N reduced by 20% (240 kg/hm2, L240), acid liquid fertilizer N reduced by 35% (200 kg/hm2, L200).【Result】 The volatilization loss of soil NH3 in nitrogen reduction treatment (T240, L240, L200) was 31.1%, 73.4% and 78.8% lower than that in T300 treatment, respectively. At the same N application level, NH3 volatilization accumulation in L240 treatment was 61.4% lower than that in T240 treatment. The nitrogen uptake of T240 and L240 treatments was significantly better than that of T300 treatment, which increased by 9.1% and 12.6%, respectively, compared with T300 treatment. The phosphorus uptake of cotton treated with L240 was the highest in each treatment, which was 11.7%-17.7% higher than those of other treatments. The yields of cotton in T240 and L240 treatments were significantly higher than that in the T300 treatment, which increased by 9.6% and 12.6%, respectively. Compared with T300 treatment, each nitrogen reduction treatment improved the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate of cotton, in which the apparent nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate increased by 20.1% to 24.9%.【Conclusion】 Acid liquid fertilizer N reduced by 20% significantly reduced NH3 volatilization loss, promoted nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in cotton and increased cotton yield and fertilizer use efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | nitrogen reduction drip-irrigated cotton field NH3 volatilization nutrient uptake yield |
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