| 蝶形花亚科植物花粉释放机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄利春,金樑,张树振,李晶,杨阳,张晓强,王晓娟.蝶形花亚科植物花粉释放机制[J].草业学报,2013,22(6):305-314. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄利春 金樑 张树振 李晶 杨阳 张晓强 王晓娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室 兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730020;2.科尔沁右翼前旗农业技术推广中心,内蒙古 科尔沁右翼前旗 137713 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;中央高校基本科研业务费专项兰州大学项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 花粉是植物生殖的基础,其中花粉的成功释放是其繁殖的保障,蝶形花植物的花粉释放是一个复杂的过程,包括生理过程(内源释放)和机械(物理)过程(外源释放)。本研究对蝶形花植物花粉释放机制做出综述,回顾了蝶形花植物花粉内源释放的时空模式,包括花药形成和花药开裂,以及花粉外源释放的机制,如爆炸机制、活塞机制、毛刷机制和瓣膜机制,并就今后其花粉释放机制研究的热点领域及其应用进行了展望。
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| 关 键 词： | 蝶形花亚科 花药 花粉释放 机制 |
Pollen release mechanisms of papilionaceous plants (Faboideae) |
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| HUANG Li-chun,JIN Liang,ZHANG Shu-zhen,LI Jing,YANG Yang,ZHANG Xiao-qiang,WANG Xiao-juan.Pollen release mechanisms of papilionaceous plants (Faboideae)[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013,22(6):305-314. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Li-chun JIN Liang ZHANG Shu-zhen LI Jing YANG Yang ZHANG Xiao-qiang WANG Xiao-juan |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; 2.Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center,Ke’erqin Youyi Qianqi 137713, China |
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| Abstract: | Pollen is the foundation of plant reproduction, and successful release of pollen is essential for plant reproduction. Due to the complexity and the diversity of the process of pollen release in papilionaceous plants, the picture of the physiological and the mechanical mechanisms in pollen release is still incomplete. In this paper, the mechanism of pollen release in papilionceous plants is reviewed. The pollen release in papilionceous plants is a complex process, which includes a physiological process (internal release) and a mechanical (or physical) process (extrinsic release). The physiological process of pollen release includes anther formation and anther dehiscence. The formation of viable pollen depends on accurate execution of developmental programmes, and the tapetum cells are essential for the development of the pollen grain. In the case of anther dehiscence, four types of anther wall have been observed in papilionaceous plants including basic type, monocotyledonous type, dicotyledonous type and reduced type. The mechanical process of pollen release shows that there are four patterns in papilionaceous plants: the explosive model, piston model, brush model, and valvular model. Comparisons of pollination efficiency made between these models, showed that the piston and valvular models may be the two basic evolutionary branches of pollen release in papilionaceous plants. The spatial and temporal patterns of pollen release are still a hotspot of evolution in papilionaceous plants and are related to flower morphology, pollination biology and mating system. |
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