Chemical,anatomical and technological properties of Snakewood [<Emphasis Type="Italic">Brosimum guianense</Emphasis> (Aubl.) Huber] |
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| Authors: | Gunthard Scholz Falk Liebner Gerald Koch Claus-Thomas Bues Björn Günther Ernst Bäucker |
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| Institution: | 1.Institut für Holzbiologie und Holztechnologie,G?ttingen,Germany;2.Department of Organic Chemistry,University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences,Vienna,Austria;3.Federal Research Centre for Forestry and Forest Products,Institute for Wood Biology and Wood Protection,Hamburg,Germany;4.Chair of Forest Utilization and Forest Technology,Dresden University of Technology,Tharandt,Germany |
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| Abstract: | The very decorative heartwood of Brosimum guianense is internationally well known. Snakewood, as it is colloquially known, is represented in wood databases (e.g. the DELTA or
InsideWood) as well as in lists of commercial timbers of many timber trading companies. The very decorative heartwood is hardly
available and gains prices of up to 25 €/kg in form of half stems. In the present study, the chemical composition and especially
the subcellular cell structure was analysed by means of UV microspectrophotometry to explain the high natural durability and
some extraordinary physical properties in addition to the anatomical composition. The heartwood consists of approximately
39% lignin, 54% carbohydrates and 0.4% lipophilic compounds of unspecified origin. The fibres are very thick-walled. Numerous
sclerotic tyloses and organic deposits are present in the vessel. The extractives in high content are also components of parenchyma
cells as well as in tyloses, respectively. These detected phenolic extractives, partly of flavonoid character, are also part
of the cell wall. Calcium oxalate crystals are deposited in the upright and square cells of rays and sporadically in axial
parenchyma cells. These facts are reasons for the famous natural durability of Snakewood. The sapwood density ranges from
1.1 to 1.4 g/cm3 for heartwood (12% mc). The compression strength (119 N/mm2), the bending strength (241 N/mm2), the modulus of elasticity (23,200 N/mm2) and the hardness (196 N/mm2) indicate exceedingly high elastomechanical properties. |
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