| 豆粕有机肥与化肥配施对大棚春黄瓜产量品质和土壤肥力的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 万述伟,张守才,赵明,孙永红,赵征宇,蔡葵,王文娇.豆粕有机肥与化肥配施对大棚春黄瓜产量品质和土壤肥力的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(31):188-193. |
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| 作者姓名： | 万述伟 张守才 赵明 孙永红 赵征宇 蔡葵 王文娇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 青岛市农业科学研究院2. |
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| 基金项目： | 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系”（CARS-25） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探明豆粕有机肥与化肥氮素不同配施比例对大棚黄瓜的肥料效应,采用田间试验,研究了单施豆粕有机肥、豆粕有机肥与化肥配施和单施化肥对黄瓜产量、品质和肥料利用率以及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,在相同氮、磷、钾施用量条件下,单施豆粕肥或单施化肥以及豆粕肥与化肥配施均可显著提高黄瓜总产量,M2N1、M1N1和M1N2处理的黄瓜前期产量分别比CK增产47.1%、68.6%和82.0%。各试验处理黄瓜果实中可溶性糖、蛋白质和硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量差异均不显著,Vc含量以M2N1处理含量最高。不同施肥处理均可显著提高黄瓜氮和钾的吸收量,但氮、磷、钾肥料利用率差异均不显著。黄瓜收获后各处理耕层土壤无机氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和pH等肥力性状均有明显变化。土壤pH与土壤养分的变化均呈现负相关性,其中土壤pH与土壤有效磷、速效钾含量呈极显著负相关,与土壤铵态氮、硝态氮和无机氮含量呈显著负相关。豆粕肥的氮、磷、钾养分释放率较高,完全可以替代普通有机肥与化肥配施用于黄瓜生产,豆粕氮与化肥氮配施用比例以1：1或2：1为佳。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄瓜 设施栽培 豆粕肥化肥配施 产量 品质 土壤肥力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/2/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013/3/29 0:00:00 |
Effect of Soybean Meal Combined Application of Chemical Fertilizer on Greenhouse Cucumber Yield and Quality and Soil Fertility |
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| Wan Shuwei,Zhang Shoucai,Zhao Ming,Sun Yonghong,Zhao Zhengyu,Cai Kui,Wang Wenjiao.Effect of Soybean Meal Combined Application of Chemical Fertilizer on Greenhouse Cucumber Yield and Quality and Soil Fertility[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(31):188-193. |
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| Authors: | Wan Shuwei Zhang Shoucai Zhao Ming Sun Yonghong Zhao Zhengyu Cai Kui Wang Wenjiao |
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| Institution: | (Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Science, Qingdao Shandong 266100) |
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| Abstract: | Field experiments were carried out to study effect of different fertilizer rate of soybean meal and nitrogen on greenhouse cucumber. Which included single application of soybean meal, chemical fertilizer and soybean meal application combine with organic fertilizer on cucumber yield, quality and the utilization ratio of the fertilizer and the soil fertility. The results showed that, single application of soybean meal or chemical fertilizer and combine application of soybean meal and chemical fertilizer could significantly increased the total yield of cucumber with the same nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer application amount. Compared with treatment CK, the yield of M2N1, M1N1 and M1N2 treatments were increased by 47.1%, 68.6% and 30.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the different treatments in cucumber fruit soluble sugar, protein and nitrate, nitrite contents, but Vc content in M2N1 treatment was the highest. Different fertilization treatment could significantly improve cucumber absorption of nitrogen and potassium. But there was no significant difference in the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer utilization rate between all treatments. Soil inorganic nitrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and pH value of soil fertility properties changed obviously after cucumber harvest. Soil pH and soil nutrient changes showed a negative correlation, the soil pH value and soil available phosphorus, rapidly available potassium content was significant negative correlation with soil, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen content was negatively related to. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium of soybean meal release rate was higher, could completely replace the common organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer for cucumber production, the preferred proportion of soybean meal nitrogen and chemical nitrogen fertilizer was 1:1 or 2:1. |
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| Keywords: | soil fertility |
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