| 凡纳滨对虾高位养殖池塘浮游生物群落结构及水质特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 高欣,景泓杰,赵文,孟凡明,郭长江,刘青.凡纳滨对虾高位养殖池塘浮游生物群落结构及水质特征[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 高欣 景泓杰 赵文 孟凡明 郭长江 刘青 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室, 辽宁大连116023;2. 凌海市金海水产有限公司,辽宁锦州,121000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究在中国北方凡纳滨对虾Penaeus vannamei海水高位养殖池塘中浮游生物的群落结构和水质特征,采用高位池养殖的常规方法进行了相关试验。结果表明:高位池的平均水温为23.45℃、p H为8.16、盐度为23.1,叶绿素含量在养殖过程中呈现先上升后稳定的趋势;浮游植物种类组成以硅藻、裸藻和绿藻为主,所占比例分别为39.58%、20.83%和18.75%,甲藻、蓝藻和隐藻只占少数;浮游植物密度平均为111×10~6cells/L,生物量平均为22.39 mg/L,密度和生物量均以绿藻和硅藻占优势,浮游植物多样性指数(H)平均为0.46,均匀度指数(J)平均为0.13;浮游动物以桡足类为主,浮游动物密度平均为27.04ind./L,生物量平均为0.629 mg/L,浮游动物多样性指数(H)平均为0.68,均匀度指数(J)平均为0.52;典范对应分析(CCA)显示,影响浮游植物优势种的主要驱动因子为盐度、PO_4~(3-)-P、总氮、总磷、NO_2~--N、NO_3~--N,影响浮游动物优势种的主要驱动因子为盐度、PO_4~(3-)-P、p H、总氮、NO_2~--N和NH_4~+-N。研究表明,凡纳滨对虾高位养殖池中后期水质已处于富营养化状态,浮游生物群落不稳定。
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| 关 键 词： | 凡纳滨对虾 海水高位池 浮游植物 浮游动物 群落结构 |
Community structure of plankton and water quality in marine high-place ponds with Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture |
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| Authors: | GAO Xin JING Hong-jie ZHAO Wen MENG Fan-ming GUO Chang-jiang LIU Qing |
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| Abstract: | The changes in plankton structure and water quality indices were studied in marine high-place ponds with Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture in Linghai coast, Liaoning province. It was found that average water temperature was 23 . 45 ℃, pH 8 . 16 , and salinity 23 . 1 , and that chlorophyll-a concentration showed a first elevated and then stable trend. The members in Bacillariophyta (accounting for 39. 58%), Eugleno-phyta(20. 83%),and Chlorophyta(18. 75%) were the dominant species in phytoplankton and some species in Pyr-rophyta, Cyanophyta and Cryptophyta were also observed in the high-place ponds. The phytoplankton in the high-place Pacific white leg shrimp ponds had density of 111×106cells/L, and biomass of 22. 39 mg/L, with dominant members in Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta, and different biodiversity including Shannon-Weiner index ( H ) of 0. 46, and evenness index(J) of 0. 13. For the zooplankton with dominant species in copepoda, there was density of 27. 04 ind. /L,and biomass of 0. 629 mg/L, with Shannon-Weiner index ( H) of 0. 68, and evenness indexes (J) of 0. 52. Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) revealed that salinity, and PO3-4 -P, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus, NO-2-N and NO-3-N contents were the main factors affecting the dominant phytoplankton commu-nity structure, and that salinity, pH, PO3-4 -P, total nitrogen, NO-2-N and NH+4-N contents were the main factors influencing the dominant zooplankton community structure in the marine high-place ponds. The findings showed that the water quality in the marine high-place shrimp ponds was eutrophic, and instable community structure in the late culture period. |
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| Keywords: | Litopenaeus vannamei high-place pond phytoplankton zooplankton community structure |
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