| 16年保护性耕作措施对粮草轮作系统土壤碳库及稳定性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 苑广源,MUNYAMPIRWA Tito,毛丽萍,张燕,杨宪龙,沈禹颖.16年保护性耕作措施对粮草轮作系统土壤碳库及稳定性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(3):252-258,267. |
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| 作者姓名： | 苑广源 MUNYAMPIRWA Tito 毛丽萍 张燕 杨宪龙 沈禹颖 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 兰州大学草业科学国家级实验教学示范中心, 兰州 730000;2. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 兰州 730000;3. 兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 兰州 730020 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31872416）；兰州大学2019年大学生创新创业项目（20190010005）；甘肃省农业厅项目（160230）；中央高校基本科研业务费项目—博士后创新项目（lzujbky-2021-k616） |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤碳库是陆地生态系统碳库的重要组成部分,对维持全球碳平衡及气候变化具有重要作用,其变化除了受气候和环境因素的影响外,还受农业耕作措施的影响。为研究长期保护性耕作措施对黄土高原陇东地区玉米(Zea mays L.)-小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)-箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)轮作系统土壤碳库及碳库变化的影响,利用已进行16年传统耕作(T)、传统耕作+秸秆还田(TS)、免耕(NT)、免耕+秸秆还田(NTS)的保护性耕作定位试验,探究0—200 cm土层土壤全碳、有机碳、易氧化有机碳、碳库指数、碳库管理指数、碳库活度指数的变化。结果表明:连续进行16年保护性耕作措施能够显著增加0—5 cm土层土壤有机碳及易氧化有机碳含量(P0.05),对深层土壤有机碳和易氧化有机碳影响不显著,相比T,TS、NT、NTS处理能够使土壤有机碳含量分别升高59.74%,58.43%,80.56%,使易氧化有机碳含量分别升高49.80%,49.65%,53.17%。保护性耕作措施对土壤碳库变化的影响随土层深度改变,其中TS、NT和NTS处理土壤碳库指数在0—10 cm土层显著高于10—20 cm土层,而土壤碳库活度指数和碳库管理指数在10—20 cm土层显著高于0—10 cm土层,土壤易氧化有机碳含量是决定土壤碳库活度指数和土壤碳库管理指数变化的主要原因。通过16年的长期试验证明,免耕+秸秆还田处理是提升农田表层土壤碳库及稳定性的有效措施,研究结果可为探讨土壤固碳机理、优化黄土高原地区农田管理措施提供理论指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 粮草轮作系统 保护性耕作措施 土壤碳库 碳库稳定性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/11/1 0:00:00 |
Effects of Conservational Tillage Measures on Soil Carbon Pool and Stability in a Winter Forage-crop Rotation System on the Loess Plateau of China |
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| YUAN Guangyuan,MUNYAMPIRWA Tito,MAO Liping,ZHANG Yan,YANG Xianlong,SHEN Yuying.Effects of Conservational Tillage Measures on Soil Carbon Pool and Stability in a Winter Forage-crop Rotation System on the Loess Plateau of China[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,35(3):252-258,267. |
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| Authors: | YUAN Guangyuan MUNYAMPIRWA Tito MAO Liping ZHANG Yan YANG Xianlong SHEN Yuying |
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| Institution: | 1. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Grassland Science Education, Lanzhou 730000;2. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000;3. State Key of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020 |
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| Abstract: | Soil carbon plays an important role in maintaining the productivity and yield stability of crops and regulating global climate change. The changes in soil carbon were affected by lots of factors, such as climate, environment and agricultural management measures. In order to study the effects of long-term conservational tillage measures on soil carbon pool and stability, we collected soils (0-200 cm depths) in farmland after 16 years of traditional tillage (T), traditional tillage + straw (TS), no tillage (NT) and no tillage + straw (NTS) treatments in maize (Zea mays L.) - wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - common vetch (vicia sativa L.) rotation system on the Loess Plateau, China. We analyzed the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), total carbon (TC), readily oxidized organic carbon (AOC) Content and soil carbon pool index (CPI), carbon pool management index (CPMI), and soil carbon pool activity index (AI). We found that 16 years of conservational tillage measures increased soil OC and AOC Content in the 0-5 cm soil depth, but had no effects at 5-200 cm depth. When compared with T treatment, TS, NT and NTS increased soil OC contents by 59.74%, 58.43% and 80.56%, respectively, and increased AOC contents by 49.80%, 49.56%, 53.17%, respectively. The effects of conservational tillage measures on soil carbon stability varied with soil depths, for example, the CPI was significantly higher in 0-10 cm soil depth than that in 10-20 cm soil depth; while the higher AI and CPMI were found in 10-20 cm soil depth. In addition, the AOC and CPI, AI, CPMI were significantly correlated, implying the changes in AOC contents were the main reason for the changes in soil carbon pool stability. The results from this study suggested that no tillage + straw was an effective measure to improve surface soil carbon pool and the stability in farmland. |
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| Keywords: | conservational tillage grain and forage rotation system conservation tillage measures soil carbon pool soil carbon pool stability |
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