| 5T智慧农场管理系统构建与应用探索 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴文福,张娜,李姝峣,王雨佳,徐文,孟宪梅,朱航,齐江涛,周晓光,刘厚清.5T智慧农场管理系统构建与应用探索[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(9):340-349. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴文福 张娜 李姝峣 王雨佳 徐文 孟宪梅 朱航 齐江涛 周晓光 刘厚清 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春 130022; 2. 吉林工商学院粮食学院,长春 130507;;3. 北京邮电大学自动化学院,北京 100876; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0401001）;吉林省粮食和物资储备局项目（20190102003JH） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解决农作物生产管理、信息组织、感知、传输、处理技术分散等问题,该研究在创新5T（大5T：种期、苗期、秧期、籽期和产品期;小5T：熟收、田场、干燥、收仓和仓储）精准时效农业生产管理方法和标准的基础上,提出了基于农作物生长时效通道和存续时效区块的智慧农场基元模型、管理架构和5T管理系统架构;根据智慧农场的系统架构以动态物联码为抓手,融合物联网、智能感知、大数据和智能终端等技术,开发了水稻5T智慧农场管理系统;依托吉林大米产业联盟,围绕优质水稻籽期进行了系统的初步应用,发现了收获管理不当造成的7.16%隐性损失。基于5T管理的智慧农场系统在农作物生产管理上取得了显著增效、减损和提质的效果,5T智慧农场管理系统的精细管理与精准决策方法可将智能控制与无人农机装备紧密连接,为最终真正实现智能化的自主无人农场提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 农场 信息系统 管理 5T 智慧农场 系统框架 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/2/3 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/4/25 0:00:00 |
Construction and application exploration of 5T smart farm management systems |
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| Wu Wenfu,Zhang N,Li Shuyao,Wang Yuji,Xu Wen,Meng Xianmei,Zhu Hang,Qi Jiangtao,Zhou Xiaoguang,Liu Houqing.Construction and application exploration of 5T smart farm management systems[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(9):340-349. |
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| Authors: | Wu Wenfu Zhang N Li Shuyao Wang Yuji Xu Wen Meng Xianmei Zhu Hang Qi Jiangtao Zhou Xiaoguang Liu Houqing |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; 2. School of Grain Science and Technology, Jilin Business and Technology College, Changchun 130507, China;;3. School of Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China; |
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| Abstract: | The smart farm was the backbone direction of the third agricultural revolution led by agricultural digital information technology. By analyzing and comparing the development situation of China''s smart farm in recent years, it was found that the development of China''s smart farm was still in the exploratory stage, and bold exploration should be carried out from different angles. The smart farm is a systematic project that is gradually intelligent in the process of agricultural production, precise in time, and fine in indicators. It is the deep integration of information technology, management technology, biotechnology, and intelligent agricultural machinery. According to the natural block characteristics of the whole plant growth and continuance, crop production can be divided into five-time channels, namely, seed-stage, seedling stage, paddy shoot stage, grain stage, and product stage, that is the big 5T. The seed-stage time channel includes a seed-stage time block, the seedling stage time channel includes a seedling stage time block, and the paddy shoot stage time channel includes a paddy shoot stage time block. According to the natural block characteristics of the grain growth and continuance, the time channel of grain stage can be divided into five-time blocks, harvest, field, drying, warehousing, and storage, that is the small 5T. The time channel of the product stage includes three-time blocks, processing, marketing, and eating. 5T management aims at 12-factor management for each stage of crop production. The information of 12-factor management includes man, soil, time, seed, machine, number, water, fertilizer, pesticides, temperature, humidity, and moisture. Based on innovating 5T precision time agricultural production management methods and standards, a basic element model of smart farms based on the time channel of crop growth, the time block of continuance, and system architecture of the 5T management system were proposed in this study. The 5T smart farm management system was developed by using the architecture of the 5T smart farm system, which integrated dynamic Internet of Things (IoT) code, IoT, mobile APP, and big data technology. The promotion and application of the 5T smart farm management system in 12 enterprises of the Jilin rice industry alliance had been implemented. According to the "5T Post-harvest management technique code for high-quality paddy", the precision nursing operation was further carried out around the grain stage of high-quality paddy according to the principle of staging, classification, timely, low temperature, and moderate. The system integrated the functions of 5T management implementation, product quality traceability, and new technology application. Based on supporting the development of a variety of remote detectors, the system used a mobile APP and the intelligent device remote data sending unit to collect the 5T data, stored the data in a distributed way, and combined online and offline evaluation, to achieve the effect of "data-driven price", and realized the dual traceability mechanism of operation quality and product quality. In the analysis of the collected data, it was found that improper management of the paddy harvest period caused a 7.16% hidden loss. The annual output of paddy in Jilin Province was 6.67 million t, the theoretical calculation of paddy loss in the field was 476 000 t. The system was gradually improved and upgraded according to the actual operation situation and had achieved remarkable efficiency, loss reduction, and quality improvement. The fine management and precise decision method of the 5T smart farm management system can closely connect intelligent control with unmanned agricultural machinery equipment, and realize intelligent autonomous unmanned farms. |
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| Keywords: | farms information systems management 5T smart farm system architecture |
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