Differentiation and growth of myotomal muscles in a non-model tropical fish Pterophyllum scalare (Teleostei: Cichlidae) |
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| Authors: | Kacperczyk A J?drzejowska I Daczewska M |
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| Institution: | Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Zoological Institute, University of Wroclaw, Poland. |
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| Abstract: | Somite differentiation, muscle fibres formation and growth were analysed in a non-model tropical fish Pterophyllum scalare. In this study, it was found that during somite differentiation, a primary myotome appears. The primary myotome is filled with multinucleated myotubes that constitute the major part of the somite. Subsequently, Pax-3 (paired-box protein)-positive cells, located externally to the myotomes, appear. In post-hatching stages, mononucleated proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells are observed in the inter-myotomal spaces and within the myotomes. The mononucleated cells, situated in the myotomes, first express desmin in their cytoplasm and then Pax-7 (paired-box protein) in their nuclei. Expression of desmin indicates that they will enter myogenic pathway, whereas expression of Pax-7 suggests their role of satellite cells. We assume that mononucleated intramyotomal cells are myogenic precursors involved in muscle growth. In advanced (post-hatching) stages of myogenesis, myotomes contain both primary and new muscle fibres. Morphometric analyses show that in Pterophyllum scalare, growth of muscle fibres is mainly a result of hypertrophy. |
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