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施肥对番茄风味成分影响的GC-MS分析
作者姓名:李吉进  张青  邹国元  边庆花  李楠  黄德明
作者单位:1. 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所 2.
基金项目:以种养废弃物为原料的有机肥生产技术集成与示范;沿密云官厅水库集约化种养殖农业面源污染防控技术研究与示范;多功能肥料/基质研究与开发
摘    要:为了研究化肥和有机肥对番茄风味成分的影响,试验采用气相色谱/质谱联用(GC-MS)测定了不同处理(无肥对照、化肥和有机肥)番茄果实中风味成分含量。结果表明:番茄果实中共可检出50余种有机化合物,第一区间(0-3分钟)检出的化合物都在50%以上,有机肥处理的番茄果实中以氨基脲、甲醇、正己烷、戊醛等为主;无肥对照处理以甲酸正丙酯、2,2-二乙磺酰基丙烷、羟基乙醛等为主;化肥处理则以分子氧为主。第二区间(3-13分钟)有12种化合物为3种处理番茄果实所共有,有机化合物以各种醛类物质为主,可能是番茄果实风味成分的基本架构。第三区间(13-25分钟)有机化合物含量较低,有10-15种有机化合物,无肥对照处理中出现几个含硅有机化合物,为其他处理所无。

关 键 词:有机肥  化肥  番茄风味成分  GC-MS分析

Study on influence of Organic Manure and Chemical Fertilizers on the Flavor Ingredients of Tomatoes Using GC-MS Analysis
Abstract:Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Analysis was used to measure flavor ingredients in tomato fruits grown under three fertilization treatments. More than 50 organic compounds were detected from tomato fruits, with more than 50% of flavor content detected in the first interval (0-3 minutes). In the organic fertilizer treatment, the main flavor ingredients in tomato fruits were amino urea, methyl Alcohol, n-hexane, and pentanal. In the no fertilization treatment, the main flavor compounds were propyl methane ester, 2,2-bionic propane, and hydroxyl-acetaldehyde. In the chemical fertilization treatment, the main flavor compound was O2, which is perhaps one factor leading to poor flavor of tomato fruits. In the second interval (3-13 minutes), 12 compounds were detected for all the three treatments, and the organic compounds were mainly aldehydes, perhaps the basic framework of flavor compounds. In the third interval (13-25 minutes), content of organic compounds was low, 10-15 organic compounds were detected out, and several organic compounds containing silicon were discovered in the tomato fruits only from the no fertilization treatment.
Keywords:organic manurezz  chemical fertilizerszz  tomato flavor compositionzz  GC-MS analysiszz
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