| 捕食线虫性真菌的分离培养及分布规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨晓野,杨莲茹,刘珍莲,董世娟,考桂兰.捕食线虫性真菌的分离培养及分布规律[J].中国兽医学报,2003,23(4):344-347. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨晓野 杨莲茹 刘珍莲 董世娟 考桂兰 |
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| 作者单位： | 内蒙古农业大学,动物科学与医学学院,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010018 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(39760060) |
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| 摘 要： | 对自然界中的捕食线虫性真菌进行了分离和种属区分，并对分布规律进行了研究。从土壤、粪便等材料中获得了2类活性较强的捕食线虫性菌株：即套捕型(hooping)捕食线虫性真菌和粘捕型(sticking)捕食线虫性真菌。主要的代表种类有3种。这些捕食线虫性真菌在捕食性结构分生孢子形态及某些生物学特性上有一定差异。套捕型捕食线虫性真菌代表种为少孢节丛孢菌(Arthrobotrys oligospara)和梨形指环菌(Dactylaria pyriformis)，它们以菌环、菌网作为捕食性结构(器官)，以套捕方式杀灭线虫幼虫。梨形指环菌可产生多量厚垣孢子(chlamyalospore)。粘捕型捕食线虫性真菌代表种为纺锤隔指孢菌(Dactylella ellipsospora)。可形成菌结捕食线虫性结构，以粘捕的方式杀灭线虫幼虫。结果表明：捕食线虫性真菌在土壤和家畜粪便中的分离率是40．41％；此类菌适合于生存在阴暗、潮湿、富含腐植质的环境中。在温暖季节时，采用0．4g／L玉米粉琼脂培养基(CMA)易于对其进行分离培养。
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| 关 键 词： | 捕食线虫性真菌 分离 培养 分布规律 套捕型 粘捕型 生物防治 |
| 文章编号： | 1005-4545(2003)04-0344-03 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年5月30日 |
Isolation ,Cultivation and Distribution Regularity of Nematode-trapping Fungi |
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| YANG Xiao ye,YANG Lian ru,LIU Zhen lian,DONG Shi juan,KAO Gui lan.Isolation ,Cultivation and Distribution Regularity of Nematode-trapping Fungi[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2003,23(4):344-347. |
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| Authors: | YANG Xiao ye YANG Lian ru LIU Zhen lian DONG Shi juan KAO Gui lan |
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| Abstract: | Nematode trapping fungi from soil and livestock faeces were isolated and differentiated.Also,the distribution regularity was investigated.Two major groups of nematode trapping fungi with vigorous trapping capacity were isolated.Arthrobotrys oligospora and Dactylaria pyriformis were hooping fungi,which use the rings and networks as trapping organs for killing the nematode larvae.Among them,Dactylaria pyriformis produced more chlamydospores than another did.Dactylella ellipsospora was sticking fungi,which forms knobs as trapping organs for killing the nematode larvae.The results indicated that the isolated rate of nematode trapping fungi was 40 41% and showed that those fungi were suitable to live in the dark,damp environment of rich humus.They were easier for isolating with 0 4 g/L CMA in warm seasons. |
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| Keywords: | biological control nematode trapping fungi isolation and cultivation distribution species |
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