| 北京冬小麦生长期农业热量资源变化特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 叶彩华,栾庆祖,高燕虎.北京冬小麦生长期农业热量资源变化特征分析[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(17):9072-9076. |
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| 作者姓名： | 叶彩华 栾庆祖 高燕虎 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京市气候中心,北京,100089 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业部农业高产创建及标准化农田建设工程项目，北京市农业高产创建及标准化农田建设工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]研究气候变化对小麦种植的影响。方法]选用日平均气温稳定通过3℃的初日、日平均气温稳定通过0℃的终日、冬季极端最低气温和冬前积温、冬季负积温等作为小麦不同生长期农业热量资源指标,利用统计方法分析了北京地区冬小麦种植区近50年的热量资源变化特点、趋势和突变特征。结果]从冬前壮苗对冬前积温要求的平均状况来说,北京冬小麦的最佳播种期为9月24~29日;返青期有提前趋势,停止生长期有推迟趋势;以冬季负积温作为越冬冻害标准来看,若低温发生期间无雪覆盖或冬前小麦抗寒锻炼不充分,近50年可能造成冻害的年份频率高达54%,但1988年以来气候变暖明显,冬季负积温不易发生冻害年的频率高达77%。结论]分析北京冬小麦在热量资源因子的变化规律和突变特征,为合理利用气候变暖条件下农业气候资源具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 热量 积温 趋势 突变 |
Long-term Change Analysis of Agriculture Heat Resources for Beijing Winter Wheat |
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| YE Cai-hua et al.Long-term Change Analysis of Agriculture Heat Resources for Beijing Winter Wheat[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2010,38(17):9072-9076. |
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| Authors: | YE Cai-hua |
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| Institution: | YE Cai-hua et al(Beijing Climate Center,Beijing 100089) |
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| Abstract: | Objective]The research aimed to study the impact of climate change on wheat.Method] The first Day NO.that temperature steadily over 3 ℃,last Day NO.that temperature steadily over 0 ℃,the lowest temperature in winter,both positive and negative accumulated temperature before winter were selected as heat resources indexes for wheat in different growth periods.The statistic method was used to analyze the change character,abrupt change and trend.Result]The best seedtime was from 24th Sep.to 29 Sep.for the average need of accumulated temperature of wheat seeding before winter.Regreening stage showed earlier trend but growth-stop stage was later trend.In the view of winter negative accumulated temperature as freezing injury standard for overwintering,the potential frequency of freezing injury in condition of no-snow covering or lacking cold resist reached 54% in recent 50 years while frequency of no freezing injury reached 77% since 1988 because of climate change warm.Conclusion]As the change character and abrupt change of heat resources indexes were analysed,Beijing winter wheat has significant importance to make good use of agricultural climate resources under climate change warm. |
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| Keywords: | Wheat Heat Accumulative temperature Trend Mutation |
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