| 干旱区内陆河流域人口统计数据的空间化—以黑河流域为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 王雪梅,李新,马明国.干旱区内陆河流域人口统计数据的空间化—以黑河流域为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(6):39-47. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王雪梅 李新 马明国 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州,730000;中国科学院资源环境科学信息中心,兰州,730000
2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州,730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金
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中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 人口数据对于全球、洲际、区域尺度的人与环境交互作用研究的重要性已经被广泛地认知。研究人口数据与环境的关系不仅要关心人口的数量,更要分析其空间分布。遥感和地理信息系统是人口统计数据实现空间化的有效工具。结合干旱区内陆河流域特征构建适合黑河流域农村和城市人口分布的模型:基于土地利用数据建立回归模型,模拟黑河流域农村人口的空间分布;利用城市边缘距离来表征城市多中心情形,将不规则的城市虚拟成同心圆分布的城市,并将Clark模型和加幂指数模型转换成基于城市边缘距离的形式来模拟研究区城市人口密度。基于以上方法最终获得黑河流域25m格网的人口空间分布结果和尺度上推后的1km格网数据。在乡镇级别对人口空间化结果进行精度验证,并与已有数据库(GPW1995、UNEP/GRID 1995、LandScan 2002和cn2000pop)估计的黑河流域人口数据进行比较,结果均表明本研究采用的方法和模型可以获得更高精度的流域人口空间分布数据。
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| 关 键 词： | 人口数据空间化 土地利用 城市边缘距离 距离衰减模型 遥感 GIS |
| 文章编号： | 1003-7578(2007)06-039-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006年4月15日 |
Pixelizing the Population Statistics of Inland River Basin in Arid Regions——A Case Study of Heihe River Basin |
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| WANG Xue-mei,LI Xin,MA Ming-guo.Pixelizing the Population Statistics of Inland River Basin in Arid Regions——A Case Study of Heihe River Basin[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2007,21(6):39-47. |
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| Authors: | WANG Xue-mei LI Xin MA Ming-guo |
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| Abstract: | It is widely recognized that population data are very important to the integrate research among the human beings and environmental factors in global,continental and regional scales.But the population census data collected based on the administrative units do not match the environmental data collected based on the natural units.So studies on pixelizing population statistics are necessary by modeling and estimating population data.Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System are the most effective research tools of population estimation.The idea of modeling separately by city and county is adopted in the simulation.The regression model based on the land use data is selected to simulate rural population.For the urban population density model,the distance from the edge of city is applied to solve the problems of multi-center and non-circular cities.Clark model and power exponential model are transformed into new format based on the distance from the edge of city for pixelizing urban population.The research scheme includes two steps: regionalization and simulation.Firstly,the study area is regionalized into four regions of spatial population distribution using principal components method and factor analysis.Secondly,the linear regression models are established to calculate the rural population density,and the population distribution coefficients(PDC) of farmlands and rural residential areas are determined in combination with the relations between population and variant land use.Controlling the gross population of each county,the PDCs are adjusted separately in different population distribution regions.The PDC of farmland is adjusted in the middle Oasis regions and the PDC of the grassland is added for the mountainous regions and desert-oasis regions.Thirdly,the power exponential model based on the scale of city and the distance from the edge of city is selected to estimate the urban population density.Lastly the population density with 25m by 25m of the Heihe River Basin is obtained based on the upper methodology.Then it is upscaling into 1km by 1km population data.Validation of the outcome at village and town level indicates that high accuracy pixelizing population data can be simulated in the Heihe River Basin.Compared with the typical population estimation results of GPW,UNEP/GRID,LandScan and Chinese 1 kmpopulation data in the research area,it also proves that this method is more efficient. |
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| Keywords: | pixelizing population land use distance from the edge of city distance decay model Remote Sensing Geographic Information System |
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