| 影响山核桃林地土壤生产性能的主要肥力因子及其临界区间 |
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| 引用本文： | 袁紫倩,叶正钱,李皓,董建华,胡俊靖,赵伟明.影响山核桃林地土壤生产性能的主要肥力因子及其临界区间[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2020,26(1):163-171. |
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| 作者姓名： | 袁紫倩 叶正钱 李皓 董建华 胡俊靖 赵伟明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.杭州市林业科学研究院，浙江杭州 310022 |
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| 基金项目： | 杭州市农业与社会发展科研主动设计项目（20172015A01）；杭州市农业科研自主申报项目（20170432B13）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】土壤养分是植物生存的必要条件,探讨山核桃(Carya cathayensis Sarg.)主产区林地土壤肥力因子及其对土壤生产性能的影响,为山核桃的栽植和可持续发展、土壤培肥提供科学依据。【方法】在浙江省山核桃主产区,随机选择58个典型乡镇的山核桃林采集土样,测定了pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效钙、有效镁、有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌、有效硼12个肥力因子水平,运用主成分分析和回归分析方法,分析了它们对山核桃生长、感病等级、产量等级的影响以及丰缺临界区间。【结果】主成分分析前5个因素(PC1、PC2、PC3、PC4、PC5)的累计贡献率达78.49%。PC1的主要荷载为土壤pH、有效钙和有效镁含量,PC2的主要荷载是微量元素和有效磷含量,PC3是有机质和碱解氮含量,PC4和PC5分别是有效硼和速效钾含量。林分生长性状中,生长势等级与pH、速效钾、有效钙、有效镁、有效铜、有效锌显著负相关(P <0.01),干腐病感病等级与pH、有效钙、有效镁显著负相关(P <0.01),产量等级与pH、有效钙、有效镁、有效磷、有效锌显著正相关(P <0.01)。回归模型分析得出,土壤pH、速效钾和有效钙、有效镁、有效铜、有效锌是当前栽培措施水平下影响山核桃生长的关键土壤肥力因子。综合评价后发现,研究区现有约57%的山核桃林地土壤综合肥力低于平均水平。【结论】对山核桃林地土壤生产性能影响最大的因素是土壤pH、有效钙和有效镁含量,其次是微量元素和有效磷含量,有机质、速效钾含量也有一定的影响。山核桃主产区的林地土壤关键指标丰缺范围:pH 5.19~5.70、速效钾87~129 mg/kg、有效钙817~1374 mg/kg、有效镁93~145 mg/kg、有效铜1.36~4.39 mg/kg、有效锌0.78~2.33 mg/kg。
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| 关 键 词： | 山核桃 土壤生产性能 主要肥力因子 养分临界区间 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-01-28 |
Main soil fertility factors and their critical ranges for Chinese walnut (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) production |
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| YUAN Zi-qian,YE Zheng-qian,LI Hao,DONG Jian-hua,HU Jun-jing,ZHAO Wei-ming.Main soil fertility factors and their critical ranges for Chinese walnut (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) production[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2020,26(1):163-171. |
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| Authors: | YUAN Zi-qian YE Zheng-qian LI Hao DONG Jian-hua HU Jun-jing ZHAO Wei-ming |
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| Institution: | 1.Hangzhou Forestry Academy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objectives】Soil fertility is the foundation of healthy plant growth and production. The soil fertility factors and their importance to soil productivity in the main producing area of Chinese walnut (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) were investigated, to provide scientific basis for sustainable and profit production of Chinese walnut.【Methods】Fifty-eight Chinese walnut stands were randomly selected as the research objects in typical main production areas (Lin’ an, Zhejiang). Soil samples were collected, and twelve fertility factors were analyzed, including pH, organic matter, available contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B. Based on the analysis of twelve fertility factors and growth vigor, disease susceptibility and yield, the leading influencing factors of soil productivity and the critical range of some key factors were explored through principal component analysis and regression analysis.【Results】The cumulative contribution rate of the first 5 principal components (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, PC5) was 78.49%. The main loading factors in PC1 were pH, available Ca and Mg, in PC2 were available trace elements and P, in PC3 were organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable N N, and in PC4 and PC5 were available B and K. The growth vigor grade was significantly and negatively correlated with pH, available K, Ca, Mg, Cu, and Zn (P < 0.01). The canker disease grade was significantly and negatively correlated with pH, available Ca, Mg (P < 0.01). Yield grade was significantly and positively correlated with pH, available Ca, Mg, P, Zn (P < 0.01). The soil pH, available K, Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn were the key fertility factors affecting the Chinese walnut ’ s growth and soil productivity. Of the tested stands, the comprehensive fertility of soil in 57% of the studied area was lower than the average fertility level.【Conclusions】The top factors affecting the soil comprehensive productivity of Chinese walnut woodland are pH, exchangeable Ca and Mg contents, the second important factors are available trace elements and P contents, and then are organic matter and available K contents. The critical ranges of some key factors in Chinese walnut production area are: pH 5.19–5.70, available K 87–129 mg/kg, exchangeable Ca 817–1374 mg/kg, exchangeable Mg 93–145 mg/kg, available Cu 1.36–4.39 mg/kg and available Zn 0.78–2.33 mg/kg. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese walnut(Carya cathayensis) soil comprehensive productivity critical range nutrient critical range |
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