| 生物炭对山坡地烟叶产量和氮肥利用效率的影响效果评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘美菊,李江舟,计思贵,樊苗苗,谷星慧,张立猛,张劲伟,瞿兴,周文兵,林杉.生物炭对山坡地烟叶产量和氮肥利用效率的影响效果评价[J].作物杂志,2020,36(1):89-420. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘美菊 李江舟 计思贵 樊苗苗 谷星慧 张立猛 张劲伟 瞿兴 周文兵 林杉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1云南农业大学资源与环境学院,650201,云南昆明2云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司技术中心,653100,云南玉溪3中国农业大学资源与环境学院,100193,北京4玉溪市烟草公司江川区分公司烤烟生产技术中心,652600,云南玉溪5玉溪市烟草公司峨山县分公司烤烟生产技术中心,653200,云南玉溪 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国烟草总公司云南省烟草公司科技计划项目(2017YN17) |
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| 摘 要： | 山坡地土壤有机质含量低和保水保肥能力差是导致烤烟产量普遍低于山间平地的重要原因之一。生物炭可以改善土壤物理化学性质,提升土壤保水保肥能力,本试验研究其对烤烟产量和氮肥利用效率的影响。通过二因素两种地形（山坡地、山间平地）和6个生物炭施用量处理（0、4.5、9.0、13.5、18.0、22.5t/hm 2）的大田试验,评价生物炭对烟叶产量和产值、烟株农艺性状、氮肥利用效率和氮素表观损失量的影响。结果表明,山坡地烤烟产量和产值显著低于山间平地。同一生物炭施用量条件下,山坡地烟叶产量和产值相对增幅显著高于山间平地。当生物炭施用量介于0~13.5t/hm 2时,山坡地烟叶产量和产值均随生物炭施用量增加而显著增加;而进一步提高生物炭施用量,烟叶产量和产值增加不显著。山间平地烟株氮素吸收量、氮肥农学利用率和氮肥回收利用率均显著高于山坡地烟株。与不施生物炭的对照相比,山坡地烟株氮肥农学利用率和氮肥回收利用率相对增幅均显著高于山间平地烟株。随着生物炭施用量增加,氮素表观损失量显著降低。相对于山间平地而言,山坡地植烟区应用生物炭的增产增收和提高氮肥利用效率的效果更加显著,其适宜生物炭施用量为13.5t/hm 2。
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| 关 键 词： | 地形 生物炭 烤烟 产量 产值 氮肥利用效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-02-25 |
Evaluation of Effect of Biochar on Tobacco Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Mountain Slope Areas |
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| Liu Meiju,Li Jiangzhou,Ji Sigui,Fan Miaomiao,Gu Xinghui,Zhang Limeng,Zhang Jinwei,Qu Xing,Zhou Wenbing,Lin Shan.Evaluation of Effect of Biochar on Tobacco Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Mountain Slope Areas[J].Crops,2020,36(1):89-420. |
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| Authors: | Liu Meiju Li Jiangzhou Ji Sigui Fan Miaomiao Gu Xinghui Zhang Limeng Zhang Jinwei Qu Xing Zhou Wenbing Lin Shan |
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| Abstract: | Due to the low content of soil organic matter and poor water and fertlizer holding capacity, tobacco yield is generally lower in mountain slope areas. Biochar can improve soil physicochemical properties and improve soil holding capacity. The effect of biochar to improve the tobacco yield and nitrogen use efficiency was investigated. Field experiments were conducted at three different locations with mountains slope areas and plain between mountain areas. The effects of 6 biochar addition levels (0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5, 18.0, 22.5t/ha) on yield and economic value of tobacco leaves, main agronomic traits, nitrogen use efficienc,y and apparent loss were determined and calculated. The results showed that the yield and economic value of tobacco leaves were significantly lower in mountain slope areas than in plain between mountain areas. However, under the same biochar addition levels, the relative increase in tobacco yield and production value were significantly higher in mountain slope areas than in plain between mountain areas. Before biochar application rate reached 13.5t/ha, the tobacco yield and economic value were increased significantly with the increase of biochar application rates. Nitrogen uptake, agronomy and recovery rate were significantly higher in plain between mountain areas than in mountain slope areas. Compared with the control treatment without biochar, the relative increase rate of agronomy and recovery of nitrogen fertilizer were significantly higher in mountain slope areas than that of plain between mountain areas. With the increase of biochar addition, the N apparent loss was significantly reduced. Biochar application is more effective in the mountain slope areas than in plain between mountain areas, whereas, the suitable application rate is 13.5t/ha. |
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| Keywords: | Topography Biochar Tobacco Yield Economic value Nitrogen use efficiency |
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