Potential inhibitors against <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</Emphasis>, produced by the fungus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Myrothecium</Emphasis> sp. associated with the marine sponge <Emphasis Type="Italic">Axinella</Emphasis> sp. |
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| Authors: | Lian Wu Xie Shu Mei Jiang Hong Hui Zhu Wei Sun Yong Chang Ouyang Shi Kun Dai Xiang Li |
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| Institution: | (1) Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-recourses Sustainable Utilization (LMB-CAS), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica (LMM-GD), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, People’s Republic of China;(2) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China;(3) Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, People’s Republic of China; |
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| Abstract: | Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a worldwide ascomycete fungal plant pathogen, which causes enormous yield losses on major economic crops such as crucifers,
grain legumes and several other plant families. The objective of this research was to isolate and characterise some bioactive
products from cultures of fungi associated with the marine sponge Axinella sp. In total, nine fungal isolates were obtained from the marine sponge Axinella sp. collected from the South China Sea. A group of test strains, including two G+ strains (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), two G− strains (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three fungi including two plant pathogenic fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Magnaporthe grisea and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were employed as the indicator organisms for bioactivity screening. Using antagonistic tests and bioactive screening of
the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts of the corresponding cultures, fungal isolate JS9 showed the stronger efficacy against
the test indicator strains, especially the indicator fungal pathogens. Isolate JS9 was further identified as Myrothecium sp. by a combination of morphological features and 18S rDNA BLAST on GenBank. Two macrocyclic trichothecenes, roridin A (compound
1) and roridin D (compound 2) were purified by tracking the activity of the EtOAc extract fractions and characterised with
spectral analyses including MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and disortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT). In vitro antifungal tests showed that the two macrocyclic trichothecenes were bioactive against S. cerevisiae, M. grisea and S. sclerotiorum with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 31.25, 125 and 31.25 μg ml−1 for roridin A, and 62.5, 250 and 31.25 μg ml−1 for roridin D, respectively. The present investigation demonstrated that two antifungal trichothecenes including roridin
A and roridin D produced by the fungus Myrothecium sp. isolated from the marine sponge Axinella sp. could be potential inhibitors against the plant pathogen S. sclerotiorum.
Lian Wu Xie and Shu Mei Jiang contributed equally to this work. |
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| Keywords: | Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Roridin A Roridin D Myrothecium sp Axinella sp Activity tracking method |
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