| 仿刺参幼参对维生素A最适需求量 |
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| 引用本文： | 李宝山,王丽丽,王际英,孙永智,王世信,黄炳山.仿刺参幼参对维生素A最适需求量[J].水产学报,2023,47(8):089612-089612. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李宝山 王丽丽 王际英 孙永智 王世信 黄炳山 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东 烟台,264006 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省现代农业产业技术体系-刺参产业技术体系（SDAIT-22-06） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探讨仿刺参幼参对配合饲料中维生素A(VA)的适宜需求量,实验在基础饲料中分别添加维生素A乙酸酯,配制VA含量分别为3 250 (D1)、5 187 (D2)、7 054 (D3)、8 970(D4)、12 975 (D5)和16 400 (D6) IU/kg的6组等氮等能的实验饲料,饲喂初始体重为(15.48±0.01) g仿刺参幼参8周。结果显示,(1) VA对仿刺参存活率(SR)无显著影响,显著提高了增重率(WG)和特定生长率(SGR);(2) VA显著提高了体壁粗脂肪和VA含量,降低了羟脯氨酸含量;(3)肠道脂肪酶(LPS)活性呈上升趋势,D1组显著低于其他组,淀粉酶(AMY)活性呈先下降后上升的趋势;(4)肠道谷草转氨酶(AST)、总抗氧化能力(T-SOD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈先升后降趋势,AST及CAT活性均在D4组出现最高值,D2～D5组T-SOD活性显著高于D1组,碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性呈上升趋势,D1组显著低于其他组,丙二醛(MDA)含量逐渐降低...
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| 关 键 词： | 仿刺参 维生素A(VA) 生长 需求 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/7/15 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/3/8 0:00:00 |
Optimum dietary vitamin A requirement of the juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus |
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| LI Baoshan,WANG Lili,WANG Jiying,SUN Yongzhi,WANG Shixin,HUANG Bingshan.Optimum dietary vitamin A requirement of the juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2023,47(8):089612-089612. |
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| Authors: | LI Baoshan WANG Lili WANG Jiying SUN Yongzhi WANG Shixin HUANG Bingshan |
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| Institution: | Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China |
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| Abstract: | Sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus is one of most valuable marine cultured species in northeast China, and the cultured production reached 170 000 tons in 2020. With the rapid development of A. japonicus breeding industry, high efficiency and environmental protection formula diet has become one of bottleneck problem which inhibited the development of industry. Vitamin A (VA), also called retinol, is the general name of monounsaturated alcohol or alcohol active substances, which is an extremely important and easily deficient fat soluble vitamin. VA can maintain vision, promote cell differentiation and bone development, and participate in fish mucus secretion and fat metabolism. Meanwhile, it also can improve animal growth rate, reproductive performance and disease resistance of Cyprinus carpio var. Jian and Scophthalmus maximus, but long term excessive intake of VA may result in bone deformities of Sparus aurata. So it is very important to determine the optimum dietary VA in formulate diet. In order to investigate the effects of dietary VA on growth performance, body composition, digestive metabolism and non-specific immunity for A. japonicus juveniles, an 8-week feeding experiment was conducted with A. japonicus juveniles. Six isonitrogen and isoenergetic diets with graded levels VA3 250(D1), 5 187(D2), 7 054(D3), 8 970(D4), 12 975(D5), 16 400(D6) IU/kg] were formulated by adding VA acetate into basal diet. Each diet was assigned to triplicate tanks with 30 A. japonicus juveniles with initial body weight (15.48±0.01) g. Results showed that there was no significant effect on survival rate, but both the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly increased. With the increasing of dietary VA levels, the contents of crude lipid and VA of body wall were increased, and crude ash contents increased firstly and thereafter declined. The contents of hydroxyproline were decreased and D1 group was significantly higher than other groups. The activity of lipase was increased with the increasing of dietary VA levels, and D1group was significantly lower than other groups. The activity of amylase was increased first and then decreased afterwards. There were no differences in protease activities among all groups. With the increasing of dietary VA levels, all of the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) were first elevated and then fell down, and the activities of AST and CAT reached the highest in D4 group. The activity of T-SOD of D3 and D4 groups were significantly higher than other groups. The activity of alkaline phosphatase showed an upward trend and D1 group was significantly lower than other groups. The contents of malondialdehyde were decreased. Taking the weight gain rate as the evaluation index, analysis by a linear regression equation indicated that the optimum dietary VA requirement for A. japonicus (initial body weight 15.41g) was 10 000 IU/kg. The results of this experiment can provide a reference for the addition of VA in the formula feed, and also provide a basis for the development of "micronutrient balance" formula feed of A. japonicus. |
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| Keywords: | Apostichopus japonicus vitamin A growth requirement |
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