| 马铃薯碎土整地联合作业机设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕金庆,刘金妮,赵治明,杨德秋,李季成,孙琪.马铃薯碎土整地联合作业机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2023,54(8):19-29. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕金庆 刘金妮 赵治明 杨德秋 李季成 孙琪 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北农业大学;中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家马铃薯产业技术体系岗位科学家专项（CARS-09-P23） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对东北地区整地作业中，结块多、土壤残茬严重、犁底层加厚等问题，根据我国现有的东方红-75/802型拖拉机的动力条件，设计了一种适用于马铃薯田的驱动式碎土整地联合作业机。该机是根据国外先进的土壤保护耕作法，结合东北地区土壤情况和马铃薯田整地要求设计的一种机具。本文阐述了机器整体结构及工作原理，设计了碎土辊，分析了碎土辊运动过程、碎土辊工作过程中楔形齿所受的阻力及碎土辊作业时所需功率，基于EDEM离散元仿真技术，建立了部件-土壤仿真模型，以土壤破碎率为试验指标，以碎土直齿末端倾角、碎土直齿边长和机组速度为试验因素进行仿真试验，在仿真基础上进行田间试验，试验结果表明，所设计的碎土整地联合作业机碎土率为98.45%、平均耕深为14.5 cm、机组速度为5.7 m/s、碎土辊消耗功率为19.24 kW,具有良好的作业效果，满足马铃薯田整地作业要求。
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| 关 键 词： | 马铃薯 整地联合作业机 楔齿碎土辊 离散元法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/11/19 0:00:00 |
Design and Test of Key Components of Potato Soil-crushing Site Preparation Machine |
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| Institution: | Northeast Agricultural University;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Group Co., Ltd. |
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| Abstract: | In view of the problems faced in the land preparation operation in northeast China, such as more clods, serious soil stubble and thickened plow bottom layer, a driven soil crushing and preparation combination machine mainly applicable to potato fields was designed according to the power conditions of the existing Dongfanghong-75 and 802 tractors. This was a new type of machine designed according to the advanced foreign soil conservation tillage method and developed by combining the soil conditions of the northeast and the requirements of potato field preparation. The overall structure and working principle of the machine were described. By designing the soil crushing roller, the author clarified and analyzed the soil crushing roller motion process, the resistance of the wedge-shaped teeth during the working process of the soil crushing roller and the power required during the operation of the soil crushing roller. Based on EDEM discrete element simulation technology, a component-soil simulation model was established with soil crushing rate as test index, and end deflection angle of crushing straight tooth, length of crushing straight edge and unit speed as test influencing factors for simulation experiments. The field tests were conducted on the basis of simulation. The test results showed that the designed soil crusher had a soil crushing rate of 98.45%, an average tillage depth of 14.5cm, a unit speed of 5.7m/s and a crushing roller power consumption of 19.24kW, which proved to have a good operation effect and met the requirements of potato field preparation. |
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