| 低钾胁迫下干旱对烤烟幼苗生理特性及钾含量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 石秋环,徐高强,代晓燕,张铜津,陈培钰.低钾胁迫下干旱对烤烟幼苗生理特性及钾含量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023(4):178-186. |
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| 作者姓名： | 石秋环 徐高强 代晓燕 张铜津 陈培钰 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司，河南 洛阳 471023;福建金闽再造烟叶发展有限公司，福建 福州 350600;河南农业大学烟草学院/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，河南 郑州 450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（31501823）；中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目（2020410000270020）;河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司科技专项（2021410300270050） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究低钾胁迫下不同干旱程度对烤烟幼苗生理特性及烟株钾含量的影响，以烤烟品种‘K326’为试验材料，采用室内水培法，分别设置不同钾水平(低钾0.15 mmol·L-1,常钾5.00 mmol·L-1)和模拟干旱程度(PEG-6000浓度分别为0、5%、10%、15%、20%)双因素处理，对烟株生理指标、光合特性及烟株各部位钾含量进行测定。结果表明：相同PEG-6000浓度下，低钾水平处理的烟株地上部及根系干质量、鲜质量、根系活力、烟叶光合指标(除胞间CO2浓度和水汽压饱和亏外)和各部位钾含量均低于常钾水平，其中低钾水平下烟株地上部及根系钾含量较常钾水平分别降低了10.62%～21.70%和35.96%～58.82%。常钾水平下，随着PEG-6000浓度的升高，烟株根系干质量、根系活力、叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、水分利用率、叶片可溶性蛋白含量、叶片POD、CAT活性均表现为先升高后降低，且均在PEG-6000浓度为10%时达到最大值，与PEG 0处理相比，各指标分别增加了16.01%、131.66%、27.87%、73.6...
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| 关 键 词： | 烤烟幼苗 低钾 干旱 抗逆生理 植株钾含量 |
Effects of drought on physiological characteristics and potassium content of flue\|cured tobacco seedlings under low potassium stress |
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| SHI Qiuhuan,XU Gaoqiang,DAI Xiaoyan,ZHANG Tongjin,CHEN Peiyu.Effects of drought on physiological characteristics and potassium content of flue\|cured tobacco seedlings under low potassium stress[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2023(4):178-186. |
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| Authors: | SHI Qiuhuan XU Gaoqiang DAI Xiaoyan ZHANG Tongjin CHEN Peiyu |
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| Institution: | Luoyang City Company, Henan Tobacco Company, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China;Fujian Jinmin Reconstructed Tobacco Development Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, Fujian 350600, China;College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China |
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| Abstract: | To investigate the effects of different drought levels on physiological characteristics and potassium uptake of flue\|cured tobacco seedlings under low potassium stress, flue\|cured tobacco variety K326 was used as the experimental material and the physiological indexes, photosynthetic characteristics and potassium content of each part of the tobacco plant were measured by indoor hydroponics. A two\|factor design was used with different potassium levels (low potassium 0.15 mmol·L-1 and normal potassium 5.00 mmol·L-1) and simulated drought degree with PEG-6000 (concentration 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, respectively). The results showed that at the lower potassium level, the dry and fresh weight of above\|ground part and root of tobacco seedlings, root activity, photosynthetic indexes of leaf (except intercellular CO2 concentration and water vapor pressure saturation deficit) and potassium content in all parts of tobacco plants were lower than that at the normal potassium level under the same PEG-6000 concentration.The potassium content in above\|ground part and root of tobacco plant under low potassium stress decreased by 10.62%~21.70% and 35.96%~58.82% compared with normal potassium level, respectively. At normal potassium level, with the increase of PEG-6000 concentration, root dry weight, root activity, leaf net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, water utilization, leaf soluble protein content, POD and CAT activities of tobacco plant first increased and then decreased. And all of these indexes achieved the maximum value when PEG-6000 concentration was 10%.Compared with PEG-6000 concentration 0 treatment, the increases were 16.01%, 131.66%, 27.87%, 73.68%, 78.57%, 44.13%, 179.11% and 49.21%, respectively. Under low potassium stress, the dry and fresh weight of all parts of tobacco and photosynthetic characteristics of tobacco leaves were significantly reduced after the addition of PEG, in which the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water utilization were reduced by 56.25%, 41.94%, 57.14% and 36.90% in the PEG-6000 concentration 20% treatment compared with 0 PEG concentration. The relative conductivity, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and malondialdehyde contents in tobacco leave gradually increased with the increase of PEG-6000 concentration. Compared with PEG concentration 0 treatment, and they increased by 20.45%~108.55%, 34.53%~197.61%, 67.38%~106.24%, 10.98%~69.80% respectively. Under the two potassium levels, the potassium content in all parts of the plant gradually decreased with the increase of PEG-6000 concentration. When the PEG-6000 concentration was 20%, the potassium content in aboveground part and root of tobacco plants at normal level decreased by 63.44% and 40.66% compared with the treatment of PEG concentration 0, while that decreased by 76.49% and 34.39% at low potassium level. In summary, drought stress significantly inhibited the growth and development of flue\|cured tobacco at low potassium level, while increasing potassium levels alleviated the damage caused by drought stress by enhancing root activity and photosynthesis and reducing leaf reactive oxygen content to improve the overall drought resistance of flue\|cured tobacco.However, when drought stress was severe to a certain extent, potassium level was not able to alleviate the adverse effects of drought on growth and physiology of flue\|cured tobacco. |
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| Keywords: | flue\|cured tobacco seedlings low potassium drought stress resistance physiology plant potassium content |
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