| 抑制剂对稻茬小麦产量及氮素利用效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王 静,万水霞,李 帆,吴萍萍,王允青,鲍先巡,程益涵.抑制剂对稻茬小麦产量及氮素利用效率的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2023,43(9):1165-1173. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王 静 万水霞 李 帆 吴萍萍 王允青 鲍先巡 程益涵 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥 230031；2.安徽省农业科学院产业处, 安徽合肥 230031） |
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| 基金项目： | 安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022107020004）；安徽省科技重大专项(17030701052）；国家青年科学基金项目（41401308）；安徽省科技厅农(林)业综合实验站和农技推广示范基地绩效奖励项目(1085） |
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| 摘 要： | 生化抑制剂是调控土壤氮素转化与提高氮肥利用率的有效途径之一。为明确生化抑制剂对沿淮稻茬小麦的效应，以淮麦38为供试品种，在安徽怀远县稻茬麦田设不施氮肥（CK）、尿素（U）、尿素+脲酶抑制剂NBPT（UN）、尿素+硝化抑制剂DMPP（UD）、尿素+硝化抑制剂NBPT+脲酶抑制剂DMPP(UND)共5个处理，研究了脲酶抑制剂NBPT（N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺）、硝化抑制剂DMPP（3、4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐）及其两者组合对稻茬小麦产量及构成因子、氮素利用效率和土壤氮素的影响。结果表明，与U处理相比，UD和UND处理显著提高稻茬小麦产量、植株吸氮量和氮肥利用率；UD和UND处理分别增产8.9%和10.7%，穗数和穗粒数同步提高是其增产的主要原因，UN处理产量增加不显著；UD和UND处理氮肥农学利用率、氮肥吸收利用率、氮素吸收效率和氮肥偏生产力显著提高，氮收获指数无显著变化；UD和UND处理降低了小麦收获后耕层土壤无机氮的残留量，显著提高了微生物量氮的含量。综上，在沿淮地区稻茬小麦种植中，尿素配施DMPP或者配施DMPP+NBPT可以有效增加小麦产量，提高氮素利用效率。
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| 关 键 词： | 生化抑制剂 稻茬麦 产量 氮素利用 土壤氮素 |
Effect of Biochemical Inhibitors on Yield and Nitrogen Efficiency of Wheat Following Rice Stubble |
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| WANG Jing,WAN Shuixi,LI Fan,WU Pingping,WANG Yunqing,BAO Xianxun,CHENG Yihan.Effect of Biochemical Inhibitors on Yield and Nitrogen Efficiency of Wheat Following Rice Stubble[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2023,43(9):1165-1173. |
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| Authors: | WANG Jing WAN Shuixi LI Fan WU Pingping WANG Yunqing BAO Xianxun CHENG Yihan |
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| Abstract: | Biochemical inhibitors are one of the effective ways to regulate soil nitrogen transformation and improve nitrogen utilization efficiency. In order to clarify the effect of biochemical inhibitors on wheat in the rice stubble along the Huaihe River, Huaimai 38 was used as the test variety. A total of five treatments, including no nitrogen fertilizer(CK), urea(U), urea+urease inhibitor NBPT(UN), urea+nitrification inhibitor DMPP(UD), urea+nitrification inhibitor NBPT+urease inhibitor DMPP(UND) were set up in the rice stubble wheat field of Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province to study the effects of nitrification inhibitor DMPP(3,4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate) and its combination on wheat yield and its components, nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrogen in rice stubble. The results showed that compared with U treatment, UD and UND treatments significantly increased wheat yield, plant nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen utilization efficiency after rice. The yield of UD and UND treatments was increased by 8.9% and 10.7%, respectively, and the simultaneous increase of spike number and grain number per spike was the main reason for the yield increase, while the yield increase of UN treatment was not significant. The agronomic utilization efficiency, nitrogen absorption utilization efficiency, nitrogen absorption efficiency, and nitrogen partial productivity of UD and UND treatments were significantly improved, but the nitrogen harvest index did not change significantly. UD and UND treatments reduced the residual amount of inorganic nitrogen in the topsoil after wheat harvest, and significantly increased the content of microbial biomass nitrogen. To sum up, in the cultivation of wheat in rice stubble along the Huaihe River, urea combined with DMPP or DMPP+NBPT can effectively increase wheat yield and improve nitrogen use efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | Biochemical inhibitor Wheat following rice stubble Yield Nitrogen usage Soil nitrogen |
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