| 不同水稻品种混作养鸭对土壤养分动态的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李妹娟,周念,章家恩,向慧敏,梁开明.不同水稻品种混作养鸭对土壤养分动态的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(2):211-220. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李妹娟 周念 章家恩 向慧敏 梁开明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华南农业大学资源环境学院 广州 510642;2. 华南农业大学资源环境学院 广州 510642;广东省现代生态农业与循环农业工程技术研究中心 广州 510642;农业部华南热带农业环境重点开放实验室 广州 510642;3. 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所 广州 510640 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省科技计划项目（2015B090903077,2016A020210094）、广州市科技计划项目（201604020062）和广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目（2016LM1100）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 鸭稻共作和水稻混种均可产生良好的生态效应,但能否将两项技术结合起来,即通过不同水稻品种混种与稻田养鸭的叠加,进而产生"1+12"的生态效应和生产效益,是一项值得加以实践和探讨的课题。为探明多品种水稻混作养鸭这类复合生物多样性利用模式的应用可行性,本试验设置了水稻单作常规种植(施药施肥)、水稻单作养鸭、水稻单作空白对照(不养鸭不施肥药)、水稻品种混作常规种植(施药施肥)、水稻品种混作养鸭和水稻品种混作空白对照(不养鸭不施肥药)6种种植模式开展田间试验,研究不同水稻品种混作养鸭对土壤养分动态和稻米品质的影响。结果表明:种植双季稻后,水稻品种混作养鸭处理下土壤有机质含量显著高于其他种植模式。早晚季水稻生长期间水稻品种混作养鸭处理的土壤全氮含量低于水稻品种混作常规种植处理,但均显著高于其他处理;水稻品种混作养鸭处理的土壤碱解氮含量较其他处理显著提高。各处理土壤速效磷含量以水稻单作空白对照处理的最高,总体上,混作处理比单作处理平均土壤速效磷含量高。种植双季稻后,水稻品种混作养鸭种植模式的土壤全钾和速效钾含量均高于其他处理。水稻品种混作养鸭处理的稻米出糙率、精米率、直链淀粉含量和胶稠度较其他处理高,且垩白粒率较其他处理低。综合表明,水稻品种混作养鸭模式更有利于改善田间土壤养分状况,提高稻米的品质,故此模式可为优质健康稻米生产提供新途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 鸭稻共作 水稻品种混作 土壤养分动态 稻米品质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/5/28 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/11/23 0:00:00 |
Effect of rice varieties mixed-cropping with duck raising on nutrient dynamics in paddy soils |
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| LI Meijuan,ZHOU Nian,ZHANG Jia''en,XIANG Huimin and LIANG Kaiming.Effect of rice varieties mixed-cropping with duck raising on nutrient dynamics in paddy soils[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2017,25(2):211-220. |
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| Authors: | LI Meijuan ZHOU Nian ZHANG Jia'en XIANG Huimin and LIANG Kaiming |
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| Institution: | College of Nature Resources and Environment, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China,College of Nature Resources and Environment, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China,College of Nature Resources and Environment, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China,College of Nature Resources and Environment, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China and Rice Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China |
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| Abstract: | Rice-duck farming system with different varieties of rice mixed-cropping could produce excellent ecological effects.However,it is for now largely unclear whether the synergy of the two farming systems (rice-duck farming and rice varieties mixed-cropping) could improve ecological conditions and production efficiency to have "1+1＞2" effect when concurrently implemented.Because of large-scale rice monoculture with high application of chemical pesticides and fertilizers,food and eco-environment security has increasingly worsened.To meet the demands for diverse tastes and high-quality organic rice,and to further explore the feasibility of biodiversity model in different rice varieties mixed-cropping systems and duck-rice co-culture,an innovative double rice vareties mixed-cropping along with duck raising was set up and studied.To test the effects of the farming systems on soil nutrient dynamics and rice quality,six different treatments were set up — including 'Shengbasimiao'rice variety mono-cropping with conventional farming practice (SC),'Shengbasimiao'rice variety mono-cropping with duck raising (SD),'Shengbasimiao'rice variety mono-cropping (CK1),mixed-cropping of rice varieties of'Shengbasimiao'and'Huajingxian 74'with conventional farming practice (MC),combined rice varieties of 'Shengbasimiao'and'Huajingxian 74'mixed-cropping and duck raising (MD),and rice varieties of'Shengbasimiao'and 'Huajingxian 74'mixed-cropping (CK2).After early and late rice planting in the first year,organic matter content of paddy soils under treatment MD was significantly higher than that under the other treatments.Although soil total nitrogen content in early rice planting under treatment MD was significantly lower than that under treatment MC,it was significantly higher than that under other treatments.After early and late rice planting,it was noted that soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content under treatment MD was significantly increased compared with that under the other treatments.The content of total phosphorus was significantly higher than that under the conventional cropping system after late rice harvest,and the average content of soil available phosphorus under rice varieties mixed-cropping systems was higher than that under rice variety mono-cropping systems.After rice cropping for one year,the contents of soil total potassium and available potassium under treatment MD were higher than those under the other treatments.Rice brown rate,milled rice rate,amylase content and gel consistency under MD were higher than those under the other treatments,the rate of chalky rice under MD was lower than that under the other treatments.In conclusion,the integrated farming system of rice varieties mixed-cropping and duck raising improved soil nutrients and rice grain quality.This study successfully tried a new farming system that can ensure ecological health,and high-quality and high-yield rice production. |
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| Keywords: | Integrated rice-duck farming Rice varieties mixed-cropping Soil nutrient dynamics Rice grain quality |
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