| 典型河源区畜禽粪便农田施用的环境承载力研究 |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡家晴 王洋 于锐 崔政武 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室;中国科学院大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)资助(XDA23070502);国家自然科学基金青年基金(41701372);吉林省自然科学基金(20180101318JC和20190103161JH)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 畜禽粪便作为农业面源污染的主要来源之一,对农田土壤质量及河源区水质安全存在严重威胁。本研究选取东辽河源区东辽县畜禽粪便为研究对象,通过分析其重金属与典型抗生素与产生特征,阐明了畜禽粪便农田施用的环境承载力及应对措施。结果表明:畜禽粪便中重金属Cu、Zn含量最高,四环素类抗生素中金霉素残留最高,猪粪中含量高于鸡粪和牛粪。假设河源区东辽县当年产生畜禽粪便全部还田,以重金属背景值为参照,单因子污染指数均大于1小于2,达到轻度污染水平,重金属综合污染指数为0.97,达到警示污染水平;畜禽粪便安全施用年限为100年时,旱田、水田最小施用半径分别为233 m、44.5 m,与最大可施用半径比值均为0.25。而抗生素生态风险值均小于0.01,无生态风险。因此,畜禽粪便农田施用前需对重金属Cu、Zn、Hg采取无害化处理。
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| 关 键 词： | 畜禽粪便 重金属 环境承载力 风险评价 |
Environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry manure application to farmland in typical river source region |
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| Authors: | HU Jiaqing WANG Yang YU Rui CUI Zhengwu |
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| Institution: | (Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geograpthy and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) |
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| Abstract: | As one of the main sources of agricultural non-point source pollution,livestock manure poses a serious threat to the quality of farmland soil and water quality in the river source area.In this study,the livestock manure in Dongliao County,the source area of the Dongliao River was selected to analyze its heavy metals and typical antibiotics and their production characteristics,and the environmental carrying capacity of livestock manure farmland application and countermeasures were clarified.The results showed that the heavy metals Cu and Zn contents in livestock manure and chlortetracycline residues in tetracycline antibiotics were with the highest values,and the relevant contents of chlortetracycline residues in pig manure were higher than those in chicken manure and cattle manure.Assuming that all the livestock and poultry manure produced in Dongliao County were returned to the field in the same year,based on the heavy metal background values,the single factor pollution index was greater than 1 level and less than 2 level,reaching the light pollution level.While the heavy metal comprehensive pollution index was 0.97,reaching the warning pollution levels.When the safe application period of livestock manure was 100 years,the minimum application radius of dry land and paddy field were 233 m and 44.5 m,respectively,and the ratio to the maximum application radius was 0.25.The ecological risk values of antibiotics were all less than 0.01,and there was no ecological risk.Therefore,the heavy metals Cu,Zn,and Hg should be treated in a harmless manner before the livestock manure is applied to farmland. |
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| Keywords: | livestock manure heavy metals environmental carrying capacity risk assessment |
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