| 基于地形梯度的河北省怀来县山地生态系统空间分布及变化特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 许策,李超,张天柱,束继年.基于地形梯度的河北省怀来县山地生态系统空间分布及变化特征分析[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(5):198-204,212. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许策 李超 张天柱 束继年 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085;中国科学院大学;2. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京,100193;3. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085;中国科学院大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国土资源部公益性行业科研专项“环渤海盐碱土地景观整治与植物修复技术集成”（201311060） |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]从地形梯度角度,对区域生态系统空间分布及变化特征进行分析,提出基于地形梯度的区域生态系统保护对策建议,为制定山区生态规划及实现山区生态系统的持续、健康发展提供参考。方法]以遥感解译获得的1993,2003,2013年生态系统类型空间分布数据为基础,选取高程级别、地形起伏度和坡度变率为地形梯度表征指标,采用分布指数,对区域农田、水域与湿地、森林、草地、聚落和荒漠6类生态系统的地形梯度差异分布情况及优势位进行分析,并结合1993—2013年各生态系统的服务价值变化特征,探讨区域生态系统的保护对策。结果]农田、水域与湿地、聚落、草地生态系统集中于低地形梯度区;森林集中于高地形梯度区;荒漠生态系统分布特征随地形梯度差异不明显;在低地形梯度区,农田、水域与湿地的生态系统服务价值降低,草地、聚落生态系统服务价值有明显的增加趋势;在高地形梯度区,虽然森林生态系统服务价值变化较为剧烈,但总体呈现出持续增加的趋势。结论]在制定针对山地的区域生态规划时,应考虑对位于优势位上的生态系统实行特殊保护,禁止被侵占为生态系统服务功能较弱的生态系统服务类型,以保证生态系统能够持续、健康地提供生态服务。
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| 关 键 词： | 地形梯度 生态系统 空间分布 优势位 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/1/26 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/3/31 0:00:00 |
Distribution and Variation Analysis of Mountain Ecosystem Based on Topographic Gradient in Huailai County of Hebei Province |
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| XU Ce,LI Chao,ZHANG Tianzhu and SHU Jinian.Distribution and Variation Analysis of Mountain Ecosystem Based on Topographic Gradient in Huailai County of Hebei Province[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,37(5):198-204,212. |
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| Authors: | XU Ce LI Chao ZHANG Tianzhu and SHU Jinian |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China and Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective] To provide relevant suggestions for regional ecosystem protection and sustainable development based on topographic gradient via analyzing the spatial distribution of regional ecological system and the variation characteristic of it.Methods] Topographic gradient index was referred to elevation level, topographic relief and slope variation rate. Distribution index was used to designate topographic gradient distribution and dominant position of cultivated land, waters and wetlands, forestland, grassland, settlement and desert and was analyzed using the data of ecosystem-type-based space distributions in the years of 1993, 2003 and 2013 which was acquired by remote sensing interpretation. Finally, the variations of each ecosystem service item in the years of 1993-2013 were analyzed to provide relevant suggestion for ecological protection.Results] Cultivated land, waters and wetlands, settlement and grassland mainly distributed on low terrain gradient area; forestland distributed on high terrain gradient area; the distribution characteristic of desert ecosystem was not significantly influenced by gradient. In low terrain gradient area, the values of ecosystem service of cultivated land, waters and wetlands decreased while the values of grassland and settlement showed increasing trends. In high terrain gradient area, the value of ecosystem service of forestland increased as a whole but changed dramatically.Conclusion] To make plan for regional ecological system of mountain land, the protection for the ecosystem at dominant position should be taken into consideration to prevent it from being replaced by those ecosystem service types having weak ecosystem service function, and to keep it sustainable and healthy in providing ecosystem service. |
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| Keywords: | topographic gradient ecosystem system space distribution dominant position |
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