| 新疆林果基地防护林防护效应研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 鲁天平,刘永萍,牙合提古丽,王蕾.新疆林果基地防护林防护效应研究[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(4):498-501. |
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| 作者姓名： | 鲁天平 刘永萍 牙合提古丽 王蕾 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆林业科学院,乌鲁木齐,830002 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆林业科技专项资金项目[(2008)ZT011] |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]针对新疆林果基地的防护林配置结构和防护效应进行研究,为提高新疆林果基地建设质量和效益及保证农民持续增收提供科学依据.方法]对新疆林果基地的防护林带3~21 H范围有效防护距离、结构以及林网防护效应进行调查研究,观测林果防护林不同林龄、林网带宽、林带配置结构及林带距离对果园的防护效应.结果]林果防护林对果园的防护效应在一定范围内随着林龄的增长而下降;宽带的防护作用强于窄带;随着网格的两条主林带间隔距离减少,林果防护林防护效率增加;在一定范围内,果树靠林带越近,受害越轻,但当超过防护林最大防护距离时,果枝数便会下降,冻害大面积发生.结论]合理确定防护林最大防护距离,优化林果防护林配置结构,改造原有农田防护林“窄林带,小网格”防护林结构体系,进一步缩减网格面积,加强防护力度,并利用林带胁地种植苜蓿等饲草,建立新型的林果基地防护林林网,有利于降低果树灾害率及增加经济效盖.
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| 关 键 词： | 林果基地 防护林 防护效应 新疆 |
Protective effects of orchard shelterbelt in Xinjiang |
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| LU Tian-ping,LIU Yong-ping,YAHETI Guli,WANG Lei.Protective effects of orchard shelterbelt in Xinjiang[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2012,43(4):498-501. |
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| Authors: | LU Tian-ping LIU Yong-ping YAHETI Guli WANG Lei |
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| Institution: | (Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Science,Urumqi 830002,China) |
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| Abstract: | Objective]Types of orchard shelterbelt’s configuration and its protective effect were studied in Xinjiang to improve the quality of orchard shelterbelt and guarantee continuous benefits of farmers.Method]Valid protection distance,structure,and protective effects of 3-21 H shelterbelt were investigated and sheltering effects of different tree age,width,configuration types and distance were observed in orchards.Result]To a certain extent,younger trees,wider shelterbelt,and closer grid distance between two shelterbelts had better protective effect in orchard shelter forest.The closeness of fruit trees to the shelterbelt resulted in less damages.However,once exceeding the maximum protection distance,the branch number of fruit trees declined and widespread freezing injury happened.Conclusion]In order to build a new type of orchard shelterbelt,decreasing freezing injury rate of fruit trees and accelerating economic development,the practices such as keeping reasonable maximum protection distance,maintaining optimal configuration type,restructuring shelterbelt,maintaining smaller area of grid,and plantations of forage grass such as clover should be promoted. |
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| Keywords: | orchard shelterbelt protective effect Xinjiang |
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