| 不同施肥措施及施肥年限下土壤团聚体的大小分布及其稳定性 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢钧宇,曹寒冰,孟会生,郭彦涵,洪坚平,张杰,李云霄,李廷亮.不同施肥措施及施肥年限下土壤团聚体的大小分布及其稳定性[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(3):274-281,290. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢钧宇 曹寒冰 孟会生 郭彦涵 洪坚平 张杰 李云霄 李廷亮 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 山西农业大学资源与环境学院, 山西 太谷 030801;2. 土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41807102，U1710255-3，41401342）；土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室开放基金项目（2019003）；山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励项目（SXYBKY201805）；山西农业大学科技创新基金（青年科技创新）项目（2019004） |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤团聚体的数量和质量直接影响着土壤性质和有机碳固存。研究不同施肥措施及施肥年限对采煤塌陷区复垦土壤团聚体的重量分布比例及其稳定性的影响,可为该区农业生产和土壤质量提升提供科学依据。采集复垦6,11年定位试验不同施肥处理耕层(0—20 cm)土样,选取不施肥(CK)、平衡施氮磷钾化肥(NPK)、单施有机肥(M)、有机无机肥配施(MNPK)4个处理,利用干筛法和湿筛法获得4种粒径的团聚体/粉黏粒组分(>2,0.25~2,0.053~0.25,<0.053 mm),用>0.25 mm团聚体的含量(R0.25)、平均重量直径(MWD)、团聚体破坏率(PAD)和土壤不稳定团粒指数(ELT)表示团聚体的稳定性,同时测定土壤有机碳含量。结果表明:施肥年限较施肥措施对土壤团聚体的含量及稳定性产生了更显著的影响。干筛条件下,施肥6,11年均显著降低了各处理0.053~0.25 mm团聚体和<0.053 mm组分的含量,降幅分别为68.39%~87.37%,69.63%~78.32%(6年)和90.01%~93.68%,78.29%~83.93%(11年);湿筛条件下,施肥11年显著提高了各处理>2 mm团聚体的含量,增幅达473.35%~645.16%,但是显著降低了0.053~0.25 mm团聚体的含量,降幅为43.67%~57.54%。土壤团聚体的稳定性也随着施肥年限的增加而逐渐增强,表现为DR0.25、WR0.25和MWD值呈增加趋势,而PAD和ELT值呈降低趋势。土壤有机碳含量与DR0.25、WR0.25、MWD水稳性呈极显著正相关关系,而与PAD和ELT呈极显著负相关关系。本研究表明,该区域连续培肥11年提高了土壤大团聚体的含量而伴随着微团聚体含量的显著减少,导致土壤结构越来越稳定。这对于提高采煤塌陷区复垦土壤肥力、改善土壤结构产生了良好的效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 复垦土壤 施肥 土壤团聚体 稳定性 团聚体破坏率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/11/7 0:00:00 |
Effects of Different Fertilization Regimes and Fertilization Ages on Size Distribution and Stability of Soil Aggregates |
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| XIE Junyu,CAO Hanbing,MENG Huisheng,GUO Yanhan,HONG Jianping,ZHANG Jie,LI Yunxiao,LI Tingliang.Effects of Different Fertilization Regimes and Fertilization Ages on Size Distribution and Stability of Soil Aggregates[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,34(3):274-281,290. |
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| Authors: | XIE Junyu CAO Hanbing MENG Huisheng GUO Yanhan HONG Jianping ZHANG Jie LI Yunxiao LI Tingliang |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801;2. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources, Taiyuan 030031 |
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| Abstract: | The quantity and quality of soil aggregates directly affect soil properties and soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. This study investigated effects of various fertilization regimes and fertilization ages on the distribution and stability of dry aggregates and water-stable aggregates, aiming at providing a scientific basis for improving agricultural production and soil quality in long-term reclaimed areas, Shanxi Province, China. Surface soil samples of 0-20 cm horizons under different fertilization regimes were collected from 6-years and 11-years reclaimed areas, respectively. There are 4 different fertilization treatments (no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK), organic manure alone (M), and chemical fertilizer combined with manure (MNPK)). All samples were separated into four aggregate-size fractions (>2, 0.25~2, 0.053~0.25 and <0.053 mm) by dry sieving and wet sieving methods. The >0.25 mm aggregate content (R0.25), mean weight diameter (MWD), proportion of aggregate destruction (PAD) and unstable soil aggregate index (ELT) were used to indicate the stability of aggregates. The SOC content in the bulk soil was determined. The fertilization age had a more significant effect on the distribution and stability of soil aggregates than the fertilization regime. Under the dry sieving condition, the distribution of 0.053~0.25 mm and <0.053 mm fractions in each treatment was reduced significantly at both fertilization ages, with a decrease of 68.39%~87.37%, 69.63%~78.32% (6-years) and 90.01%~93.68%, 78.29%~83.93% (11-years); under the wet sieving condition, the distribution of >2 mm fraction increased significantly by 473.35%~645.16%, but the distribution of 0.053~0.25 mm fraction was significantly decreased by 43.67%~57.54% after 11-years reclamation. The stability of soil aggregates was also gradually enhanced with the increase of fertilization ages, showing that the distribution of DR0.25, WR0.25 and MWD had an increasing trend, but the PAD and ELT had a decreasing trend. SOC content showed an extremely significant positive correlation with the DR0.25, WR0.25 and MWDwater-stable, but an extremely significant negative correlation with PAD and ELT. It was concluded that the SOC content in the study area increased significantly after 11 years of consecutive fertilization, resulting in a more and more stable soil structure. It was conducive to improve stability of aggregates in this reclaimed area. |
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| Keywords: | reclaimed soil fertilization soil aggregates stability proportion of aggregate destruction |
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