Effects of tillage,organic resources and nitrogen fertiliser on soil carbon dynamics and crop nitrogen uptake in semi-arid West Africa |
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| Institution: | 1. Albert Schweitzer Center for Ecology (CEAS), 01 B.P. 3306 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso;2. Wageningen University, Department of Soil Quality, P.O. Box 8005, 6700 EC Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherche Agricole (INERA), 01 B.P. 476 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso;4. International Center for Soil Fertility and Agricultural Development (IFDC), Division Afrique, B.P. 4483-Lomé, Togo;5. Wageningen University, Department of Erosion and Soil & Water Conservation Group, Nieuwe Kanaal 11, 6709 P.A. Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 Hochelaga Boulevard, Québec, QC, G1V 2J3, Canada;2. Faculté des sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Pavillon Paul Comtois, 2425 rue de l’agriculture, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada;3. Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6947 Highway 7, P.O. Box 1000, Agassiz, BC, V0M 1A0, Canada;1. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad 500 059, India;2. Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani 431402, India;3. All India Coordinated Research Project on Dryland Agriculture (AICRPDA), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560 065, India;4. Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Dehradun 248 195, India;1. Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA;2. Department of Forestry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA;3. Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA;4. Department Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;5. Biology Department, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;2. Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;3. Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin 300192, China;1. College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi''an 710119, PR China;2. School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA;3. School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China;1. The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia;2. ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, 462038, Madhya Pradesh, India |
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| Abstract: | Tillage, organic resources and fertiliser effects on soil carbon (C) dynamics were investigated in 2000 and 2001 in Burkina Faso (West Africa). A split plot design with four replications was laid-out on a loamy-sand Ferric Lixisol with till and no-till as main treatments and fertiliser types as sub-treatments. Soil was fractionated physically into coarse (0.250–2 mm), medium (0.053–0.250 mm) and fine fractions (< 0.053 mm). Particulate organic carbon (POC) accounted for 47–53% of total soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) for 30–37% of total soil nitrogen concentration. The POC decreased from 53% of total SOC in 2000 to 47% of total SOC in 2001. Tillage increased the contribution of POC to SOC. No-till led to the lowest loss in SOC in the fine fraction compared to tilled plots. Well-decomposed compost and single urea application in tilled as well as in no-till plots induced loss in POC. Crop N uptake was enhanced in tilled plots and may be up to 226 kg N ha?1 against a maximum of 146 kg N ha?1 in no-till plots. Combining crop residues and urea enhanced incorporation of new organic matter in the coarse fraction and the reduction of soil carbon mineralisation from the fine fraction. The PON and crop N uptake are strongly correlated in both till and no-till plots. Mineral-associated N is more correlated to N uptake by crop in tilled than in no-till plots. Combining recalcitrant organic resources and nitrogen fertiliser is the best option for sustaining crop production and reducing soil carbon decline in the more stabilised soil fraction in the semi-arid West Africa. |
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