Genetic diversity in seven populations of Nicaraguan teosinte (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Zea nicaraguensis</Emphasis> Iltis et Benz) as estimated by microsatellite variation |
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| Authors: | Carlos Henry Loáisiga Agnese Kolodinska Brantestam Oscar Diaz Björn Salomon Arnulf Merker |
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| Institution: | 1.Programa Recursos Genéticos (REGEN),Universidad Nacional Agraria,Carretera Norte Managua,Nicaragua;2.Nordic Genetic Resource Centre,Alnarp,Sweden;3.Universidad de Los Lagos,Osorno,Chile;4.Division of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Alnarp,Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Teosintes are the closest relatives to modern maize, Zea mays L. ssp. mays. They are wild grasses with a native distribution area from Mexico to Nicaragua and represent an important genetic resource.
However, the genetic diversity of Nicaraguan teosinte (Zea nicaraguensis Iltis et Benz) has not yet been determined. This teosinte species has decreased in the last 25 years and now must be regarded
as an endangered species. An analysis of the genetic diversity of Zea nicaraguensis was carried out in a total of 240 individuals from seven populations. Eleven Simple Sequences Repeat (SSR) primer pairs were
used. A total of 42 alleles were found, the range of alleles per locus was 2–5 (mean 3.8) and the numbers of genotypes varied
between primers. The primer Bnlg 1538 showed the highest value, with 45 genotypes through all populations. The genetic diversity observed (Ho) between all
populations varied from 0.51 to 0.63, with an average of 0.563. One of the populations had as many as 40 alleles. Analysis
of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that most of the variation was within population, at a significantly high level (P < 0.001). Rare alleles were detected in all populations, but unique alleles were only found in four populations. These results
are highly relevant when developing conservation strategies and show that preserving populations in their natural habits is
highly important. |
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