methods during the silvopastoral-system establishment in midwestern USA: Cattle performance and tree damage |
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| Authors: | JW Lehmkuhler EED Felton DA Schmidt KJ Bader HE Garrett MS Kerley |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706;(2) College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Consumer Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506;(3) Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL, 60614;(4) 111 Animal Sciences Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211 |
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| Abstract: | Silvopastoral systems offer an alternative to the conventional cow-calf segment of the beef industry in the Midwestern region
of the United States. Little information exists for transitioning from a conventional pasture-based beef operation to a silvopastoral
system utilizing multiple deciduous tree species. Nine pastures approximately 1 ha in size were established with a mixture
of cool-season grasses and legumes to investigate tree protection methods and cattle performance. Four tree species (Juglans nigra, Gleditsia triacanthos, Quercus rubra, & Carya illinoensis) were planted within six of these pastures. Three methods of protection were tested, and included a no protection control
(Con), foliar application of 0.20% denatonium benzoate (TreeGuard™), or a single strand of electrified poly-wire (EF) in each
of the two grazing years. Cattle damage to young trees was prominent during the two years for Con and TreeGuard™. EF offered
acceptable protection. Red oak trees suffered the highest degree of damage from livestock. Establishing trees within grazed
pastures did not hinder performance of beef cattle. Transitioning from conventional pastures to silvopastures can be accelerated
utilizing an electrified fencing system to prevent cattle damage.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | Carya illinoensis Denatonium benzoate Electrified poly-wire Gleditsia triacanthos Juglans nigra Ruminant Quercus rubra |
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