| 人工鱼礁和大型海藻对许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼幼鱼的诱集作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘鸿雁,吕洪斌,张沛东,李文涛,张秀梅.人工鱼礁和大型海藻对许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼幼鱼的诱集作用[J].水产学报,2018,42(1):48-59. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘鸿雁 吕洪斌 张沛东 李文涛 张秀梅 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266003,中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266003,中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266003,中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266003,中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266003;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（31172447，31572227）；国家海洋公益性行业科研专项（201405010） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探究大型海藻和人工鱼礁对鱼类的诱集作用,依据崂山湾人工鱼礁区游泳动物和大型海藻调查结果,以海黍子、孔石莼、带形蜈蚣藻、石花菜和小珊瑚藻5种优势藻类,许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼2种优势鱼类以及人工鱼礁模型为研究对象,于室内实验水槽观察了许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼幼鱼在海藻和模型礁中的行为反应和分布。结果显示,水槽中未投放模型礁和海藻时,实验鱼密集出现在水槽边缘区(A9),分布率分别为75.71%±7.79%和73.63%±4.41%。放入模型礁和海藻丛后,许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼出现短暂的排斥反应,然后迅速聚集其中;2种鱼对带形蜈蚣藻的响应时间最短(12.75~21.00)s],对模型礁的响应时间最长(66.50~151.25)s];带形蜈蚣藻聚集许氏平鲉用时最短(151.50±8.14)s],海黍子聚集大泷六线鱼用时最短(56.00±2.53)s];大泷六线鱼对模型礁的聚集时间为(216.25±5.59)s,远低于许氏平鲉(1343.50±5.38)s;2种鱼在模型礁中的停留时间远长于海藻丛,且大泷六线鱼的停留时间(211.85±7.96)s长于许氏平鲉(199.75±16.82)s。海藻丛和模型礁对2种岩礁性幼鱼的诱集效果明显,实验区幼鱼的分布率由未投放模型礁和海藻前的0.91%~8.78%上升到4.21%~31.42%;高密度带形蜈蚣藻和海黍子的诱集效果最好,对许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼的聚集率分别达到30.42%±1.14%和31.42%±1.74%,而低密度小珊瑚藻的诱集作用不明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 大型海藻 人工鱼礁 许氏平鲉 大泷六线鱼 分布率 聚集率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/12/7 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/4/20 0:00:00 |
Attraction effect of artificial reef model and macroalgae on juvenile Sebastes schlegelii and Hexagrammos otakii |
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| LIU Hongyan,LV Hongbin,ZHANG Peidong,LI Wentao and ZHANG Xiumei.Attraction effect of artificial reef model and macroalgae on juvenile Sebastes schlegelii and Hexagrammos otakii[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2018,42(1):48-59. |
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| Authors: | LIU Hongyan LV Hongbin ZHANG Peidong LI Wentao and ZHANG Xiumei |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China,Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China,Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China,Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China and Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266072, China |
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| Abstract: | A field survey in an artificial reef zone of Laoshan Bay was conducted to assess the demersal nekton and macroalgae in the area, and five dominant macroalgae (Hterosiphonia japonica, Ulvaper tusa, Grateloupia turuturu, Gelidium amansii and Corallina pilulifera) and two dominant fish species (Sebastes schlegelii and Hexagrammos otakii) and artificial reef model were studied to examine the attraction of artificial reef model and the five macroalgae to juvenile S. schlegelii and H. otakii in an experimental trough. The results showed that without artificial reef model and macroalgae in trough, S. schlegelii and H. otakii preferred to stay in the edge area of the trough, and the distribution rate was 75.71% and 73.63% respectively. After the artificial reef model and macroalgae were deployed in the trough, these two kinds of fish would swim into artificial reef holes and macroalgae cluster quickly after a short escape response; their response time to G. turuturu was the shortest (12.75–21.00] s) and the longest was to artificial reef (66.50-151.25] s); the aggregation time of S. schlegelii was shortest to G. turuturu (151.50±8.14] s) and that of H. otakii was shortest to H. japonica (56.00±2.53] s); the aggregation time of H. otakii in artificial reef was (216.25±5.59) s, much less than that of S. schlegelii (1343.50±5.38] s); the dwell time of two kinds of fish in artificial reef is much longer than the time in macroalgae cluster, and the dwell time of H. otakii (211.85±7.96] s) is longer than S. schlegelii (199.75±16.82] s).Artificial reef and macroalgae cluster were attractive to them, increasing distribution ratio in the experimental areas from 0.91%-8.78% to 4.21%-31.42%, and the highest aggregation rates were observed in higher density of G. turuturu for S. schlegelii (30.42%±1.14%) and H. japonica for H. otakii (31.42%±1.74%), respectively, but the aggregation by the lower-density C. pilulifera was not apparent. |
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| Keywords: | macroalgae artificial reef Sebastes schlegelii Hexagrammos otakii distribution rate aggregation rate |
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