| 潮土累积磷的供磷能力及其有效磷消耗特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭斗斗,张珂珂,王柏寒,宋晓,张水清,岳克,黄绍敏.潮土累积磷的供磷能力及其有效磷消耗特征[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2021,27(6):949-956. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭斗斗 张珂珂 王柏寒 宋晓 张水清 岳克 黄绍敏 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所，河南郑州40002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301103-3，2016YFD0200109-07)；河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2021ZC31) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]长期过量施肥极大地提升了土壤中磷的累积量.研究土壤累积磷的有效性及其消耗特征,可为发掘土壤中的磷资源,保持土壤磷肥力的可持续性提供理论基础.方法]依托"国家潮土肥力与肥料效益长期监测站"26年的长期定位试验,从中选取5个磷地力水平地块,其土壤基础Olsen-P含量分别为1.2、14.3、27.6、55.4、7...
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| 关 键 词： | 磷地力产量 Olsen-P含量 供磷能力 有效磷消耗速率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-09-29 |
Supply capacity and depletion characteristics of accumulated phosphorus in fluvo-aquic soil |
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| GUO Dou-dou,ZHANG Ke-ke,WANG Bo-han,SONG Xiao,ZHANG Shui-qing,YUE Ke,HUANG Shao-min.Supply capacity and depletion characteristics of accumulated phosphorus in fluvo-aquic soil[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2021,27(6):949-956. |
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| Authors: | GUO Dou-dou ZHANG Ke-ke WANG Bo-han SONG Xiao ZHANG Shui-qing YUE Ke HUANG Shao-min |
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| Institution: | Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objectives】 Long-term excessive fertilization greatly increased the accumulation of phosphorus in soil. Studying the availability and consumption characteristics of accumulated phosphorus resource could provide theoretical basis for exploring the phosphorus resources in soil and maintaining the sustainability of soil phosphorus fertility. 【Methods】 Five plots with Olsen-P content of 1.2 mg/kg (L1), 14.3 mg/kg (L2), 27.6 mg/kg (L3), 55.4 mg/kg (L4) and 72.3 mg/kg (L5) were set up in the National Long-term Monitoring Station for fluvo-aquic Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Effects in Yuanyang, Henan Province of China. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer without phosphate was applied to all the five plots for three consecutive years with 6 seasons of maize-wheat rotation. Crop yields, P uptake of crops, as well as consumption and change trend of soil Olsen-P were studied. 【Results】 When the Olsen-P level of fluvo-aquic soil increased from low (L1) to high (L3), the yield of maize and wheat increased rapidly. The total yield of L1, L2, L4 and L5 treatments in six seasons were 37.4%, 82.8%, 104.7% and 102.3% of that of L3 treatment, respectively. Wheat was more sensitive to soil P supply than maize. The annual P requirement to ensure high yield of wheat-maize was 203.2 kg/hm2. The total P supply in L1, L2 and L3 were 19.2%, 65.4% and 94.9% of crop P requirement for high yield, respectively, and the P supply in L4 and L5 could meet the requirement. The P uptake for producing 100 kg of wheat and maize grains were 0.48 kg and 0.34 kg, respectively. Under wheat-maize rotation, the seasonal consumption of soil available P showed a significant linear relationship with Olsen-P content (y = 0.1219x?0.1557, R2 = 0.9894**), the season depletion amount of Olsen-P in L5, L4, L3 and L2 plot were 8.37 mg/kg, 7.06 mg/kg, 3.03 mg/kg, and 1.59 mg/kg, respectively. The depletion process fitted the exponential equation Y = 69.642e?0.169x, which consumed 15.5% of the basic Olsen-P in each season. 【Conclusions】 Long-term application of phosphorus fertilizer in large quantity could lead the accumulation of available P in fluvo-aquic soil to a very high level, but the crop yield will not continue increase when the P level is beyond the high level of available P. After the cessation of phosphorus fertilization, soil available P decreases exponentially and reaches the agronomic threshold value in merely about 9.1 seasons. The availability of soil P accumulated by high-rate application of phosphorus fertilizer decreases rapidly, the wheat yield starts to decrease significantly in the second year (the third season) after cessation of phosphorus fertilizer application. Therefore, sustainable and reasonable application of phosphorus fertilizer is necessary to maintain phosphorus fertility and phosphorus fertilizer efficiency in fluvo-aquic soil. |
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