| 明清时期汾河中游洪涝灾害研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 古帅,牛俊杰,王尚义,申晨.明清时期汾河中游洪涝灾害研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013(8):108-114. |
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| 作者姓名： | 古帅 牛俊杰 王尚义 申晨 |
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| 作者单位： | 太原师范学院汾河流域科学发展研究中心;山西大学环境与资源学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(2011325),山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(2010320);山西省软科学研究项目(2012041015-03);山西省高等学校重点学科建设专项基金《历史流域学理论与实践》资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过对历史文献资料的搜集、整理和分析,对明清时期汾河中游地区洪涝灾害的时空特征和形成原因进行了研究。结果表明:明清时期的544年间,汾河中游发生洪涝灾害218次,平均每2.5年发生一次。明代晚期、清代初期和晚期是洪涝灾害的多发期,而明代中前期和清代中期洪涝灾害发生次数较少。该段流域洪涝灾害的发生主要集中在中部盆地汾河干支流附近的太原、介休、平遥、汾阳、孝义、文水等县。根据洪涝灾害的等级序列得出清代该段流域2级涝灾发生次数最多,1级和3级涝灾发生次数大致相当,4级涝灾发生次数最少。最后对洪涝灾害原因的分析表明:自然地理环境中的气候、地形、水系分布等是明清汾河中游洪涝灾害发生的重要原因,尤其是气候的变迁,是自然地理环境中对洪涝灾害影响最为主要的因素,而社会经济因素中的人口急剧增长所带来的土地大规模开垦和植被遭到严重破坏则加剧了洪涝灾害的发生。
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| 关 键 词： | 洪涝灾害 汾河中游 明清时期 |
Flood disasters in the middle reaches of river Fenhe during Ming and Qing periods |
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| GU Shuai,NIU Junjie,WANG Shangyi,SHEN Chen.Flood disasters in the middle reaches of river Fenhe during Ming and Qing periods[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2013(8):108-114. |
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| Authors: | GU Shuai NIU Junjie WANG Shangyi SHEN Chen |
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| Institution: | 1(1.Research Center for Scientific Development in Fenhe River Valley,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan 030012,P.R.China;2.College of Environment and Sources,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,P.R.China) |
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| Abstract: | Through collecting,sorting and analyzing historical documents,a study on the temporal and spatial characteristics and the cause of the flood disasters in the middle reaches of river Fenhe during Ming and Qing periods was conducted.The results showed that there were 218 of flood disasters occurred in the middle reaches of river Fenhe and approximately happened once per 2.5 years in this periods.In the later stage of Ming dynasty and the earlier and later stage of Qing dynasty,the occurrence of flood disasters were higher,but in the earlier and middle stage of Ming dynasty and the middle stage of Qing dynasty,the disasters decreased obviously.The occurring frequency of flood disasters increased obviously in the tributaries of upper reaches in the middle of the river Fenhe,especially in Taiyuan,Jiexiu,Pingyao,Fenyang,Xiaoyi,Wenshui counties.According to the grade series of flood disasters,the occurring frequency of flood disasters at grade second was the highest,and then the first grade and third grade.The occurring frequency of flood disasters at fourth grade was the lowest.Finally,reasons for the high occurring frequency of flood disasters was analyzed,climate,topography and water type distribution was the important reason to cause flood disasters,and the human factors such as the large scale of land reclamation and vegetation destruction also played the important roles to accelerate the flood disasters. |
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| Keywords: | flood disaster the middle reaches of river Fenhe Ming and Qing periods |
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