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Effects of Echerichia coli lipopolysaccharides and dissolved ammonia on immune response in southern white shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti |
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| Authors: | Tania Rodríguez-Ramos Georgina Espinosa Jorge Hernández-López Jeannette Marrero Maria E Alonso Maray Alonso |
| Institution: | a Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 16 #114 entre Primera y Tercera, Playa, Ciudad Habana 11300, Cuba b Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 entre J e I, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, Cuba c Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Centenario Norte #53, Col. Centenario, Hermosillo, Sonora 83160, Mexico d Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Apdo. Postal 1735, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico e Departamento Biología Funcional, Grupo de Genética Acuícola, Universidad de Oviedo, Calle Julián Claveria s/n, Oviedo, Asturias 33006, Spain |
| Abstract: | The success of penaeid shrimp aquaculture has been limited by endemic and epidemic infectious diseases around the world and shrimp defense mechanisms are a priority for control, prevention, and diagnosis. The lethal dose (LD50) of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides was calculated and pathogen injection and dissolved ammonia concentration on immune response were evaluated in southern white shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti. The lethal dose of lipopolysacharides was 3.78 mg kg− 1 body weight. Injection caused changes in phenoloxidase activity in plasma and nitric oxide and total haemocyte counts within the first 24 h. High concentration of dissolved ammonia caused a decrease in haemocytes by 66% within the first 72 h, when compared to the control. Hemagglutination in plasma was not affected by injection or high concentrations of dissolved ammonia. The results showed that white shrimp recognized the lipopolysacharides and responded to this microbial elicitor, as indicated by a variety of immunological indicators and that increased dissolved ammonia affected the number of circulating haemocytes. |
| Keywords: | Litopenaeus schmitti Echerichia coli lipopolysaccharides Ammonia Shrimp immunology Southern white shrimp |
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