Deep-burrowing earthworm additions changed the distribution of soil organic carbon in a chisel-tilled soil |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;2. Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;3. Soil Ecology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;1. Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, 611-0011, Japan;2. Regional Biocontrol and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, B.P. 2067, Yaoundé, Cameroon;3. Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, 46 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8581, Japan;4. Division of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan;5. Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba shi, Ohwashi 1-1, 305-8686, Ibaraki, Japan;1. University Rennes 1, UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Campus de Beaulieu, 265 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France;2. Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB), 5 Boulevard Laënnec, 35000 Rennes, France;3. University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Biology, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark;4. EHESP Rennes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France;5. Inserm, UMR 1085, IRSET, LERES, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France;1. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France;2. CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France;3. Irstea, UR EMGR Ecosystèmes montagnards, 2 rue de la Papeterie-BP 76, F-38402 Saint Martin d''Hères, France;4. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38402 Grenoble, France;5. Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique, UMR CNRS-UPS 5174, Toulouse, France;6. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, SAJF, F-38000 Grenoble, France |
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| Abstract: | We investigated the influence of earthworms on the three-dimensional distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in a chisel-tilled soil. By burrowing, foraging, and casting at the surface and throughout the soil, anecic earthworms such as Lumbricus terrestris L. may play a major role in regulating the spatial distribution of organic matter resources both at the surface and within the soil. In the fall of 1994, we manipulated ambient earthworm communities, which were without deep burrowing species, by adding 100 earthworm individuals m−2 in spring and fall for 3 years. Overall, the biomass of L. terrestris was increased with earthworm additions and total earthworm biomass declined compared with ambient control treatments. To investigate the spatial variability in soil organic carbon due to this shift in earthworm community structure, we sampled soil on a 28×24 cm grid from the surface to 40 cm in four layers, 10 cm deep. Samples were analyzed for total carbon. We found that additions of anecic earthworms significantly increased average soil organic carbon content from 16.1 to 17.9 g C kg−1 for the 0–10 cm soil, and from 12.4 to 14.7 g kg−1 at 10–20-cm depth, and also changed the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon from uniform to patchy, compared with the ambient treatment. |
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