| 中国农业循环经济标准体系构建与对策 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋成军,赵学兰,田宜水,齐岳,罗娟,赵立欣,刘天池.中国农业循环经济标准体系构建与对策[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(22):222-226. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋成军 赵学兰 田宜水 齐岳 罗娟 赵立欣 刘天池 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 农业部规划设计研究院农村能源与环保研究所,农业部农业废弃物能源化利用重点实验室,北京 100125;2. 天津生物工程职业技术学院,天津,300074;3. 天水国家农业科技园区管理委员会,天水,741030 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题：农业产业园区生产生活循环技术系统构建与示范（2015BAL04B05）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 农业循环经济标准体系构建是开展农业循环经济的基础性和统领性工作,目前中国在农业循环经济领域已积累了较多成功经验,但尚未建立完整的标准体系。该文剖析了中国农业循环经济标准体系构建所存在的核心问题,基于农业产业链和农产品生命周期视角,系统阐述了中国农业循环经济领域的标准体系构建过程、基本组成、结构维度(包含产业链维、产业维、层次维)、制定原则和结构框图,构建了包括基础、管理通用、产业链链接、方法与专用等4个层次的农业循环经济标准体系;最后详细解析了农业循环经济、生态农业及有机农业标准关系的关系;并根据中国循环农业产业发展的实际需求,按照轻重缓急原则提出亟需制定的相关标准建议,可为中国农业循环经济标准化、规范化发展提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 农业 经济 标准化 农业循环经济 农业产业链 生态效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/5/27 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/10/24 0:00:00 |
Construction and countermeasures of standard system for agricultural circular economy in China |
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| Song Chengjun,Zhao Xuelan,Tian Yishui,Qi Yue,Luo Juan,Zhao Lixin and Liu Tianchi.Construction and countermeasures of standard system for agricultural circular economy in China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(22):222-226. |
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| Authors: | Song Chengjun Zhao Xuelan Tian Yishui Qi Yue Luo Juan Zhao Lixin and Liu Tianchi |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agricultural Residues , Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Engineering, Beijing 100125, China;,2. Tianjin Vocaltional College of Bioengineering, Tianjin, 300074;,1. Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agricultural Residues , Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Engineering, Beijing 100125, China;,1. Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agricultural Residues , Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Engineering, Beijing 100125, China;,1. Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agricultural Residues , Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Engineering, Beijing 100125, China;,1. Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agricultural Residues , Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; and 3. Tianshui National Agricultural Science and Technology Park, Tianshui 741030, China; |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Agricultural circular economy is the harmonious development mode of population, resources, environment and the development of modern agricultural growth. Agricultural circular economy is not only an important method to the transformation of the mode of agricultural development in China, but also the important content of the development of green sustainable agriculture to follow China''s 13th five-year national development planning proposal. The construction of the standard system of agricultural circular economy is the basis and leading work for the development of circular economy, and the establishment of the standard system is also the key technology and management basis for the development of agricultural circular economy. This paper puts forward the concept of agricultural circular economy in China, and then the research status of the present situation and the main problems of agricultural circular economy both at home and abroad are summarized. It is found that the developed countries have accumulated many successful experiences in the field of agricultural circular economy, but the standard system of agricultural circular economy has not been established. Furthermore, this paper summarizes the research progress and practice in the construction of the standard system of agricultural circular economy in China. This paper focuses on the key links of modern agriculture in the irrigation water, pesticide, fertilizer, energy, land, farming, labor, materials, and comprehensive utilization of wastes, and the agricultural system is divided into 5 stages: Design and development, resource conservation, production and processing, circulation and consumption, recycling and disposal. The systematic and comprehensive characteristics of agricultural circular economy are fully considered, and the construction method, basic structures, three-dimensional structure including industry chain, domain chain and hierarchy chain, construction principles and structure diagram of the standard system of agricultural circular economy are clarified based on the agricultural industry chain and the life cycle of agricultural products. Standard system for agricultural circular economy in China are advanced, and the standard system are divided into basic standards, general management standards, integrating industrial chain standards, methods and specification standards. Finally, the relationship of standard system for agricultural circular economy in China, ecological agriculture and organic agriculture is analyzed, and some relevant standards are put forward for prior setting in accordance with the principle of priority combined with the actual needs of the agricultural circular economy in China. At present, the urgent need to develop the individual criteria mainly includes: agricultural circular economy notation and terminology, classification and code; agricultural circular economy guide for standardization; agricultural solid waste comprehensive utilization technology assessment guidelines; material flow analysis method, ecological efficiency and standard calculation method; agricultural circular economy standardization work guidelines. The formulation of standard system for agricultural circular economy in China ensures the compilation order of the single standard, reduces the standards that are repeating and contradictive, and increases the cohesion and the reasonable matching and composition between the single standard. The standardization and regularization of agricultural circular economy in China are conducive to the improvement of management standardization level of agricultural circular economy, and promote the standardization development of agricultural circular economy in China. |
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| Keywords: | agriculture economy standardization agricultural circular economy agricultural industry chain eco-efficient |
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