| 陕西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区空间优化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王腾飞,王国峰,王亚萍,雷雅凯.陕西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区空间优化研究[J].林业调查规划,2023,48(5):83-91. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王腾飞 王国峰 王亚萍 雷雅凯 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南农业大学 风景园林与艺术学院，河南 郑州 450002;国家林业和草原局西北调查规划设计院，陕西 西安 710041 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(31600579)；河南省国际合作项目（HNGD2021035）；河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助项目（2020GGJS049）. |
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| 摘 要： | 以陕西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区为例，基于2020年1 m分辨率土地利用数据，对主要矛盾问题地类的斑块规模(大小)和景观人工干扰强度指数的空间分布进行分析。研究表明，保护区主要矛盾问题地类耕地、建设用地、交通用地主要分布在实验区；保护区整体景观人工干扰强度较低，高强度干扰主要在实验区南部地势平缓处，低强度干扰主要在核心区和缓冲区北部地势陡高处，高、中高、中、中低和低强度干扰在研究区的占比分别为9.31%、8.74%、11.16%、17.11%和53.68%;保护区中部即核心区和缓冲区南部及实验区北部景观破碎化程度较大，中强度干扰围绕中高强度干扰呈环状分布且有扩散趋势。建议减少规模较小的建设用地和耕地斑块数量，提升中部景观连通度，加强南部耕地保护质量，严格管控中高强度以上干扰区；对部分已成为朱鹮生境组成部分的耕地和居民点不宜强制调出和退出，可实行分区和分级管控，探索引入自然、科普教育和研学等低强度公益活动，带动周边社区经济。
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| 关 键 词： | 空间优化 斑块规模 景观人工干扰强度 景观破碎化 景观连通性 陕西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区 |
Spatial Optimization of Shaanxi Hanzhong Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve |
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| Abstract: | This study analyzed the spatial distribution of patch dimension and landscape artificial disturbance intensity index of Shaanxi Hanzhong Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve based on 1-meter resolution land use data in 2020. The results showed that the main contradiction problems of the reserve including cultivated land, construction land, and transportation land, were mainly distributed in the experimental area; the artificial disturbance intensity of the whole landscape was low, and the high intensity disturbance was mainly in the gentle area in the south of the experiment area, while the low intensity disturbance was mainly in the steep area in the north of the core area and buffer zone, and the proportion of high, medium-high, medium-low and low-intensity disturbance in the study area was 9.31%, 8.74%, 11.16%, 17.11% and 53.68%, respectively; the landscape fragmentation degree was large in the central part of the reserve, namely the core area, the southern buffer area and the northern part of the experimental area, with moderate to high intensity interference distributed in a circular pattern and showing a diffusion trend. This paper suggested to reduce the number of small construction land and cultivated land patches, improve the connectivity of landscape in central area, strengthen the protection quality of cultivated land in southern area, and strictly control the interference areas with medium and high intensity. Some cultivated land and residential areas, which had become part of the habitat of crested ibis, should not be forcibly transferred or withdrawn. Zoning and hierarchical management and control could be implemented, and low-intensity public welfare activities such as nature, popular science education and research could be explored to promote the surrounding rural economy. |
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| Keywords: | spatial optimization patch dimension landscape artificial disturbance intensity landscape fragmentation landscape connectivity Shaanxi Hanzhong Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve |
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