| 不同灌溉方式对茄子栽培土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈宁,孙凯宁,王克安,杨宁,宋计平,吕晓惠.不同灌溉方式对茄子栽培土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性的影响[J].土壤通报,2016(6):1380-1385. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈宁 孙凯宁 王克安 杨宁 宋计平 吕晓惠 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 青岛农业大学园艺学院,山东青岛,266109;2. 山东省农科院蔬菜花卉研究所/设施蔬菜生物学重点实验室/国家蔬菜改良中心山东分中心,山东济南,250100;3. 山东省农科院蔬菜花卉研究所/设施蔬菜生物学重点实验室/国家蔬菜改良中心山东分中心,山东济南250100;青岛农业大学园艺学院,山东青岛266109 |
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| 基金项目： | “十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题“蔬菜优质高效生产关键技术研究与示范”(2014BAD05B00)，山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目“蔬菜创新团队建设基金”(SDAIT-05-07)，山东省农业科学院青年科研基金(2016YQN24) |
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| 摘 要： | 试验以"紫光"茄子为试材,设膜下滴灌和常规畦灌两个处理,研究不同灌溉方式对设施茄子栽培土壤微生物和酶以及茄子产量和品质的影响。结果表明,滴灌能显著提高土壤中细菌和放线菌的数量,较畦灌分别高45.25%和79.48%;显著增大B/F值,使土壤向病害发生轻的"细菌型"土壤转化。滴灌能显著提高蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,较畦灌分别高47.05%和24.00%;滴灌处理0~40 cm土层土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著比畦灌高,增幅分别为49.33%~64.38%和16.69%~30.08%。滴灌能显著提高茄子收获前期产量,改善果实品质,果实的可溶性糖和Vc含量分别较畦灌处理提高5.81%和4.75%。因此,膜下滴灌是有效改善土壤环境、提高茄子产量和品质的灌溉方式。
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| 关 键 词： | 膜下滴灌 常规畦灌 微生物 酶 产量 品质 |
Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Soil Microbial Biomass and Soil Enzyme Activities in Eggplant Cultivation |
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| Abstract: | This research examined the effects of different irrigation methods,including drip irrigation under plastic film mulch and conventional border irrigation,on soil microorganisms,enzyme activities,and eggplant yield and quality.The results showed as follows:Firstly,compared with border irrigation,drip irrigation significantly increased the number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes,respectively,by 45.25％ and 79.48％ and the ratio of bacteria to fungi,which leaded to soil disease alleviated.Secondly,drip irrigation significantly improved saccharase and alkaline phosphatase,respectively,by 47.05％ and 24％.And the urease and catalase activities in 0-40 cm soil layer were significantly higher,respectively,about 49.33％-64.38％ and 16.69％-30.08％ under drip irrigation than that under border irrigation.Thirdly,drip irrigation significantly increased the contents of soluble sugar and Vc in eggplant,respectively,by 5.81％ and 4.75％.Thus,drip irrigation under plastic film mulch was an effective way to improve soil environment and increase yield and quality of eggplant. |
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| Keywords: | Drip irrigation Border irrigation Microorganism Enzyme Yield Quality |
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