| 鲤、鲢、鳙、草鱼消化道消化酶种类和活性的比较研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 毕冰,孙中武,肖晓文,尹洪滨.鲤、鲢、鳙、草鱼消化道消化酶种类和活性的比较研究[J].鲑鳟渔业,2011(2):17-20. |
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| 作者姓名： | 毕冰 孙中武 肖晓文 尹洪滨 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨,150070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家基础技术条件平台项目（12006PKA30470-0051）. |
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| 摘 要： | 采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法研究了鲤、鲢、鳙、草鱼亲鱼消化道消化酶的种类；用比色法及滴定法分别测其消化酶相对活性。结果表明：鲤、鲢、鳙、草鱼4种鱼消化道的蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性与食性有明显的相关性。其中，蛋白酶活性依次为鲤〉鲢〉鳙〉草鱼；淀粉酶活性依次为草鱼〉鲤〉鳙〉鲢。脂肪酶活性与食性的关系不明显。四种鱼消化酶的表达与消化道的组织结构特征相一致，消化道前2／5部位（G1、G2）的消化酶活性最高，是无胃鱼消化道的主要消化场所。消化道中央部位（G3）的消化酶活性次之，能将未消化完全的食糜进一步消化，而消化道后段（G4、G5）消化酶活性最低。可见，消化酶活性及消化功能呈递减形式，食物在消化道中随着消化、吸收，逐渐排出体外。本研究为鲤、鲢、草鱼、鳙4种鱼的营养生理学、高效饲料配比的研制及种质资源的科学管理提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 鲤 鲢 草鱼 鳙 消化道 消化酶 |
Active Comparison of Digestive Enzymes in Digestive carpio, Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Grass Bighead Carp Aristichthys Tracts in Common Carp Cyprinus Carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus and mobilis |
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| Institution: | BI Bing, SUN Zhong-wu, XIAO Xiao-wen, Y1N Hong-bin ( 1. College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; 2. Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China) |
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| Abstract: | The types of digestive enzymes were analyzed in digestive tracts of common carp Cyprinus carpio silver carp Hypophthalmichthys rnolitrix, bigheand carp A ristichthys mobilis, grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the relative activities of the digestive enzymes were determined in the fishes by colorimetry and titration.The results showed that the order of the protease activity was arranged as common carp 〉silver carp 〉 bighead carp 〉 grass carp, and that for amylase activity as grass carp 〉 bighead carp 〉common carp 〉silver carp. The digestive enzyme expression in these fishes was found to be paralleled to the histology structure of digestive tracts. The maximal digestive enzymic activity was observed in the 2/5 parts in anterior end of the digestive tract （G1, G2）, where was found to be the main place for digestion in those stomachless fishes, followed by the following 1/5 part of digestive tract （G3）. The minimal digestive enzymic activity was occurred in the last 2/5 parts （G4, G5） of the intestines. The findings provide a theoretical basis for the nutritional physiology, the development of feedstuff and the management for germplasm in these fisheries. |
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| Keywords: | Cyprinus carpio Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Ctenopharyngodon idellus A ristichthys mob ilis digestive tract digestiveenzymes |
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