| 荒漠绿洲农田防护林伐根嫁接毛白杨更新技术 |
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| 引用本文： | 满多清,杨自辉,徐先英,吴春荣,丁峰.荒漠绿洲农田防护林伐根嫁接毛白杨更新技术[J].中国水土保持科学,2004,2(2):50-54. |
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| 作者姓名： | 满多清 杨自辉 徐先英 吴春荣 丁峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 甘肃省治沙研究所,733000,甘肃武威 |
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| 基金项目： | 甘肃省科技基金项目(QS992-C31-010)和国家"天保科技支撑项目"--沙漠绿洲边缘生态经济型综合治沙技术示范资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 为抵御病虫害侵袭,提高干旱荒漠区防护林的防风固沙效益,在不同种的杨树伐根上,嫁接二倍体、三倍体毛白杨,嫁接亲和力强、接穗成活率高、生长旺盛、越冬成活率高、伐根为青杨组和黑杨组树种,则表现较差。引种不同品系的二倍体、三倍体毛白杨种(穗)条,实施箭杆杨农防林伐根嫁接的结果是:二倍体毛白杨品种中河北毛白杨表现最优;三倍体毛白杨品种中YX-128表现最优。对二白杨伐根嫁接的三倍体毛白杨,更新林存活率调查(3个冬季后)结果为:伐根上保存1株以上嫁接苗的占888%;杨树伐根直径与接穗苗数(1～3)对嫁接毛白杨的高生长差异不显著,二倍体、三倍体毛白杨品种间的高生长差异也不显著,但随着接穗数的增加,高生长有降低的趋势,而对嫁接苗的地径生长,则差异显著,其与伐根直径呈正相关,并随着嫁接苗数的增加显著下降,且三倍体毛白杨嫁接苗的地径生长,明显大于二倍体毛白杨。试验表明:正常情况下,伐根嫁接毛白杨,当年苗木高度达2.0～4.4m,2年后,林带平均高度达6.2m,3年后,二倍体、三倍体毛白杨林带的平均高度和地径,分别为73m、7.65cm和7.4m、8.87cm,防护效益显著,预计更新林生长4年后,高度与原防护林相近,防护效益可超过原防护林的90%。
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| 关 键 词： | 伐根嫁接 二倍体毛白杨 三倍体毛白杨 防护林 更新改造 抗病虫害 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年1月10日 |
Research on Stump Grafting Regeneration of Populus tomentosa in Shelter-belt on Farmland of Desert Oasis |
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| Man Duoqing Yang Zihui Xu Xianying Wu Chunrong Ding Feng.Research on Stump Grafting Regeneration of Populus tomentosa in Shelter-belt on Farmland of Desert Oasis[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,2(2):50-54. |
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| Authors: | Man Duoqing Yang Zihui Xu Xianying Wu Chunrong Ding Feng |
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| Institution: | Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, 733000, Wuwei, Gansu, China |
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| Abstract: | The grafting survival ratio of 2n and 3n Populus tomentosa is influenced by different poplar family and species of shelter belt cuttings. When stump species is Sect. Populus ones, its grafting affinity is the best, survival ratio is high and growth vigorously, the second is the stump species of Sect. Tacamahaca Spach and Sect. Aigeiros Duby , and each grafting variety of 2n or 3n Populus tomentosa has some differences to different stump species. Through grafting shoot introduction with different varieties of 2n and 3n Populus tomentosa , the grafters of different varieties were grafted to the original shelter belt stumps of P. nigra var. thevestina , the results showed that Populus tomentosa cv. Hebeinica in 2n varieties and YX128 of Populus tomentosa in 3n varieties grow the best. When three grafters were grafted to every stump of P. gansuensis , the survival ratio at least one grafter in regenerating shelter belt of Populus tomentosa (3n) is 88 8% after 3 winters. The difference of grafting seedling height growth with stump diameters and grafting number is not obvious, and so is the 2n and 3n variety. However, the grafting seedling base diameter difference with them is more obvious, the growth of seedling base diameter is positive correlation with stump ones, the seedling diameter reduce remarkably with the increasing grafting No, and the diameter growth of 3n varieties is more obvious than that of 2n ones. The height of one year grafting seedlings is about 2.0～4.4m, the average grafting forest belts for two years are 6.2m high. The average height and the diameters are 7.3m, 7.65cm with 2n varieties and 7.4m, 8.87cm with 3n varieties for three years, and the regenerating sheltered effectiveness will be reached to more than 90% of original shelter belts in farmland after four years. |
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