| 叶片气孔分布及生理特征对环境胁迫的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 王碧霞,曾永海,王大勇,赵蓉,胥晓.叶片气孔分布及生理特征对环境胁迫的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(2):122-126. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王碧霞 曾永海 王大勇 赵蓉 胥晓 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川,南充,637002
2. 冕宁县冶勒自然保护区,四川,冕宁,615600 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目，西华师范大学博士科研启动基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 从干旱、遮荫、盐胁迫、重金属以及CO2浓度5个方面综述了植物叶片的气孔分布及其特性在不同胁迫环境下出现的形态和生理差异。结果表明:(1)干旱胁迫导致大多数植物叶片的气孔密度增大,气孔开度减少,而气孔的分布则随物种和胁迫程度不同而出现差异。(2)遮荫环境导致多数植物的气孔数量和气孔密度减小,气孔的形状发生改变,植物的气孔导度和净光合速率均明显降低。(3)盐胁迫将减少植物的叶片面积,改变叶片的组织结构,增加叶片的气孔密度,降低植物的气孔导度和净光合速率。(4)重金属胁迫则导致植物的气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度均呈现降低趋势。(5)大多数研究都表明叶片的外部形态及其气体交换等特征在提升CO2浓度后将受到显著影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 气孔分布 环境胁迫 气孔导度 响应 |
Responses of leaf stomata to environmental stresses in distribution and physiological characteristics |
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| WANG BiXi,ZENG Yonghai,WANG Dayong,ZHAO Rong,XU Xiao.Responses of leaf stomata to environmental stresses in distribution and physiological characteristics[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2010,28(2):122-126. |
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| Authors: | WANG BiXi ZENG Yonghai WANG Dayong ZHAO Rong XU Xiao |
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| Institution: | College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002, China;Yele Nature Reserve, Mianning, Sichuan 615600, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on different responses to stresses of drought, shade, salt, heavy metal and elevated CO_2, distribution and physiological characteristics of leaf stomata were summarized, respectively. The results show that: (1) Water stress will increase stomatal density and decrease stomatal opening in most plants. However, stomatal distribution will exhibit different results under the stresses because of diversity in species and stress degrees. (2) It has been reported in most plants that shade treatments will change the shape of stomata, decrease stomata number and stomata density, as well as induce lower stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis rate. (3) Salt stress will reduce leaf area and modify leaf structure, and increase stomatal density. Furthermore, the stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis rate will be decreased because of salt stress. (4) Although few experiments were found to study the relationship between stomata and heavy metal treatments, it has been documented that heavy metal will induce plants to exhibit lower stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis rate in some plants. (5) Most documents show that shape and gas exchange of leaf will surfer significant affects under elevated CO_2 concentration. |
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| Keywords: | stomatal distribution environmental stress stomatal conductance response |
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