| 水旱轮作条件下不同类型土壤供钾能力及钾素动态变化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 占丽平,李小坤,鲁剑巍,丛日环,王 筝,王 瑾,廖志文.水旱轮作条件下不同类型土壤供钾能力及钾素动态变化研究[J].土壤学报,2013,50(3):591-599. |
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| 作者姓名： | 占丽平 李小坤 鲁剑巍 丛日环 王 筝 王 瑾 廖志文 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院;,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院,华中农业大学资源与环境学院,华中农业大学资源与环境学院,华中农业大学资源与环境学院,华中农业大学资源与环境学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(41001178)，公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目(201203013)，华中农业大学新进博士科研启动专项(2009BQ080)，中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用盆栽试验，研究了黑麦草-水稻轮作条件下不同类型土壤供钾能力及钾素动态变化，以期为土壤供钾机制研究及合理的钾素调控提供依据。结果表明：不施钾条件下（NP处理），潮土上种植作物的生物量和吸钾量最高，黄褐土次之，红壤最低；施钾条件下（NPK处理），3种土壤上种植作物的生物量无显著差异，作物吸钾量为黄褐土>潮土>红壤。整个轮作期，红壤、黄褐土和潮土NPK处理的作物生物量较NP处理分别增加55.6%、45.2%和23.2%，作物吸钾量分别增加368.8%、166.8%和74.5%。轮作前季（黑麦草季），NP处理的3种土壤水溶性钾含量和交换性钾含量均降低，潮土非交换性钾含量明显降低，红壤和黄褐土非交换性钾含量在前期变化不大，中期有升高的趋势，后期显著降低；NPK处理的土壤钾含量均高于NP处理，且各种形态钾含量的变化趋势与NP处理基本相同。轮作后季（水稻季），NP处理的3种土壤水溶性钾含量变化不大，交换性钾含量呈先降低后升高的趋势，非交换性钾含量呈先升高后降低的趋势；NPK处理的土壤交换性钾含量在水稻生长前期明显升高，中期下降，后期有略微上升，水溶性钾和非交换性钾含量有先升高后降低的变化趋势。综上所述，在不施钾条件下，轮作期内各土壤钾素消耗量较大，水溶性钾和交换性钾含量降低，并促进了非交换性钾的释放；施钾能提高土壤水溶性钾和交换性钾含量，并向非交换性钾方向转化，施钾对黑麦草和水稻有显著增产效果，可以有效地提高土壤供钾水平。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤供钾能力 黄褐土 潮土 红壤 黑麦草 水稻 |
| 收稿时间： | 4/10/2012 9:04:57 PM |
| 修稿时间： | 12/9/2012 2:32:34 AM |
Potassium supply capacity of and potassium dynamics in different types of soils under paddy rice - ryegrass rotation |
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| Zhan Liping,Li Xiaokun,Lu Jianwei,Cong Rihuan,Wang Zheng,Wang Jin and Liao Zhiwen.Potassium supply capacity of and potassium dynamics in different types of soils under paddy rice - ryegrass rotation[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2013,50(3):591-599. |
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| Authors: | Zhan Liping Li Xiaokun Lu Jianwei Cong Rihuan Wang Zheng Wang Jin and Liao Zhiwen |
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| Institution: | College of Resources and Environment , Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment , Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment , Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment , Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment , Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment , Huazhong Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment , Huazhong Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | A pot experiment was carried out using different types of soils to study their Potassium (K) supply capacities and K dynamics under a ryegrass-rice rotation system, with a view to providing scientific basis for the research on mechanism of soil supplying K and reasonable K control. Results show that both aboveground biomass and K uptake of the crops in the group without K treatment (NP) were the highest in Fluvo-aquic soil (FS), which was followed by Yellow cinnamon soil (YCS), then Red soil (RS), while in the group with K, fertilization, no significant difference (P>0.05) between the soils was observed in aboveground biomass and a decreasing order of YCS > FS > RS was in terms of K uptake. Treatment NPK was 55.6%, 45.2% and 23.2% higher than Treatment NP for red soil, yellow cinnamon soil and fluvo-aquic soil, respectively, in biomass and 368.8%, 166.8% and 74.5%, higher, respectively in K uptake. In the ryegrass growth season, the concentrations of water soluble K and exchangeable K in Treatment NP decreased in all the soils. The concentration of non-exchangeable K decreased significantly in fluvo-aquic, but remained almost unchanged in the early season, rose in the middle season and dropped in the late season in yellow cinnamon soil and red soil. Soil K was much higher in Treatment NPK than in Treatment NP, but varied in a similar pattern in all the three soils, regardless of treatments and K forms. During the rice growing period, in Treatment NP, water soluble K in all the soils did not change much soil exchangeable K declined first and then rose, but non-exchangeable K showed a reverse trend, while in Treatment NPK, soil exchangeable K rose significantly in the early, and declined in the middle and then turned slightly back again in the late period, whereas soil water soluble K and non-exchangeable K showed a rising and then falling trend. To sum up, In Treatment NP, K consumption was higher in all the soils and in all the periods of the rotation, thus decreasing both soil water soluble K and exchangeable K and in turn triggering release of non-exchangeable K. Application of K fertilizer increases the concentrations of water soluble K and exchangeable K and the ratio of K transformed into non-exchangeable K, thus effectively improving K supply capacity of the soil, and eventually increasing the yield of ryegrass and rice significantly. |
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| Keywords: | Potassium supply capacity Yellow cinnamon soil Fluvo-aquic soil Red soil Ryegrass Rice |
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