| 镉污染稻田玉米对水稻的季节性替代种植可行性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王元元,谷子寒,陈平平,易镇邪.镉污染稻田玉米对水稻的季节性替代种植可行性研究[J].作物杂志,2022,38(4):187-45. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王元元 谷子寒 陈平平 易镇邪 |
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| 作者单位： | 1湖南农业大学农学院,410128,湖南长沙2醴陵市农业农村局,412200,湖南醴陵3衡阳市农业农村局,421000,湖南衡阳 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划“粮食丰产增效科技创新”重点专项(2018YFD0301005);农业部行业计划项目(201503123-05);湖南省教育厅科研项目(17C0771);湖南省农业厅项目(湘财农指〔2020〕64号) |
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| 摘 要： | 通过比较种植模式双季稻（RR）,春玉米―晚稻（MR）,早稻―秋玉米（RM）的生育期、产量、经济效益及农产品镉含量等,探讨湖南镉污染稻田玉米对水稻季节性替代种植的可行性。结果表明,从生育季节来看,3种模式的晚季作物均能在10月下旬成熟,均适合在湖南双季稻区应用。2015和2016年两季作物总产量分别以RR和MR模式较高,但差异均不显著。与RR模式相比,2015年MR和RM模式下的纯收入有所下降,但2016年明显提高,2年总收入表现为MR>RM>RR,且前2种模式的单个劳动力纯收入明显高于RR模式。RM与MR模式的水稻糙米镉含量较RR模式有降低趋势,2016年晚稻表现更明显,从0.823mg/kg降到了0.621mg/kg。水稻糙米镉含量在0.231~0.823mg/kg,玉米籽粒镉含量在0.036~0.081mg/kg。水稻镉积累量远高于玉米,晚稻镉积累量远高于早稻,3种模式2季作物地上部总镉积累量表现为RR>MR>RM,且差异显著。可见,从生育季节、产量、纯收入和籽粒镉含量等角度考虑,春玉米―晚稻与早稻―秋玉米种植模式替代双季稻模式是可行的,考虑到春玉米―晚稻种植模式地上部镉移除量较多,因此宜首选春玉米―晚稻模式。
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| 关 键 词： | 镉污染稻田 玉米 水稻 种植模式 替代种植 可行性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-04-07 |
Study on Feasibility of Seasonal Substituted Planting of Maize to Rice in Cd Contaminated Paddy Field |
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| Wang Yuanyuan,Gu Zihan,Chen Pingping,Yi Zhenxie.Study on Feasibility of Seasonal Substituted Planting of Maize to Rice in Cd Contaminated Paddy Field[J].Crops,2022,38(4):187-45. |
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| Authors: | Wang Yuanyuan Gu Zihan Chen Pingping Yi Zhenxie |
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| Institution: | 1College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China2Liling Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Liling 412200, Hunan, China3Hengyang Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Hengyang 421000, Hunan, China |
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| Abstract: | The growth duration, yield, economic benefit and Cd content in agro-products were compared among three types of planting patterns, double-cropping rice (RR), spring maize-late rice (MR), early rice-autumn maize (RM), to discuss the feasibility of seasonal substituted planting of maize to rice in Cd-contaminated paddy field in Hunan province. The results showed that the late-season crops of three patterns could mature in late October from the view of the growth season, and all three modes were suitable for planting in double-cropping rice area in Hunan province. The total yields of two season crop of RR and MR were higher in 2015 and 2016, respectively, while the difference was not significant. Compared with the net income of RR, that of MR and RM declined in 2015, while significantly increased in 2016, and the total income of two years showed the trend of MR > RM > RR, and the net income of single labor force in MR and RM were higher than that of RR. Cd contents in brown rice in RM and MR had a decreasing trend compared with that of RR, especially in late rice in 2016, which decreased from 0.823mg/kg to 0.621mg/kg). Cd content in rice grain was at 0.231-0.823mg/kg, while Cd content in maize grain was 0.036-0.081mg/kg. Rice had a lot higher Cd accumulation than maize, and late rice had a substantially higher Cd accumulation than early rice. The total Cd accumulation of two-season crops in the three patterns indicated the trend of RR > MR > RM with a significant difference. It could be seen that the double cropping rice pattern could be replaced with spring maize-late rice on early rice-autumn maize patterns in terms of growth season, yield, net income, and grain Cd content. The spring maize-late rice pattern should be favoured due to the huge amount of aboveground Cd elimination. |
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| Keywords: | Cadmium polluted paddy field Maize Rice Planting pattern Substituted planting Feasibility |
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