| 国内主要饲草燕麦品种干物质积累及生产潜力评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵世锋,曹丽霞,石碧红,刘文婷,赵雪峰,刘君馨,张丽霞,李嘉豪.国内主要饲草燕麦品种干物质积累及生产潜力评价[J].作物杂志,2022,38(4):179-253. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵世锋 曹丽霞 石碧红 刘文婷 赵雪峰 刘君馨 张丽霞 李嘉豪 |
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| 作者单位： | 张家口市农业科学院,075000,河北张家口 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系(CARS-07);张家口综合试验站 |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确冀北坝上适宜种植的饲草燕麦品种及刈割时间,于2017-2019年以20个不同类型的皮、裸燕麦品种为研究对象,分析气候对燕麦发育进程的影响,比较不同年份和不同刈割期下产草量和籽粒产量。结果表明,气温对燕麦生育期影响较为明显,气温升高燕麦生育期缩短,尤其对晚熟品种的影响较大;降雨对燕麦生物产量影响较为明显,降雨量增加生物产量提高,苗期干旱对饲草生产相当不利。刈割试验明确了冀北坝上饲草生产中最适宜种植的品种是GL381、坝莜18号、远杂1号、定燕2号、坝莜3号和草莜1号,开花期前刈割仅是定燕2号最好的选择;开花期后刈割首选远杂1号、GL381和坝莜18号,其次,选择坝莜3号和定燕2号;早熟和中早熟品种青引2号和白燕2号等8个品种可在二季作区和有生长期时间限制时选用。产量试验表明,成熟后生物产量高的品种首选远杂1号和GL381,生物产量达到10 819.5~10 920.0kg/hm2。籽粒产量由高到低的前9位品种籽粒产量水平为4269.0~5185.5kg/hm2,其中裸燕麦GL381和远杂1号籽粒产量分别为4765.5kg/hm2和4269.0kg/hm2,表现较好。兼顾生物产量和籽粒产量表现均较好的品种是GL381、蒙燕1号、远杂1号和Haywire。
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| 关 键 词： | 燕麦 品种 饲草 刈割期 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-18 |
Dry Matter Accumulation and Productivity Potential Evaluation of Main Forage Oat Varieties in China |
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| Zhao Shifeng,Cao Lixia,Shi Bihong,Liu Wenting,Zhao Xuefeng,Liu Junxin,Zhang Lixia,Li Jiahao.Dry Matter Accumulation and Productivity Potential Evaluation of Main Forage Oat Varieties in China[J].Crops,2022,38(4):179-253. |
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| Authors: | Zhao Shifeng Cao Lixia Shi Bihong Liu Wenting Zhao Xuefeng Liu Junxin Zhang Lixia Li Jiahao |
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| Institution: | Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China |
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| Abstract: | To explore the suitable oat cultivars and cutting times for planting in northern Hebei province, 20 oat varieties with different types of bark and bare oat from 2017 to 2019 were selected as the research objects. The influence of climate on the development process of oat, the grass yield and grain yield in different years and cutting periods were compared. The results showed that the effect of air temperature on the growth period of oat is more obvious, showing a negative correlation, especially on the late maturing varieties. Rainfall had a positive correlation with the biological yield of oat. Drought at seedling stage is quite unfavorable to forage production. The most suitable forage varieties in Bashang of northern Hebei were GL381, Bayou 18, Yuanza 1, Dingyan 2, Bayou 3 and Caoyou 1, and only Dingyan 2 was the best choice for cutting before flowering. After flowering, Yuanza 1, GL381 and Bayou 18 were the first choice for cutting, followed by Bayou 3 and Dingyan 2. Eight early maturing varieties (Qingyin 2 and Baiyan 2, etc) could be selected in the second cropping area and when the growing season is limited. The varieties of Yuanza 1 and GL381 had higher biological yields of 10 920.0 and 10 819.5kg/ha, respectively. Grain yields of the top nine varieties were 4269.0-5185.5kg/ha, of which the yields of naked oats of GL381 and Yuanza 1 were 4765.5 and 4269.0kg/ha, respectively. GL381, Mengyan 1, Yuanza 1 and Haywire had high yield of both biological and grain. |
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| Keywords: | Oat Variety Forage grass Mowing period Yield |
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