Agrosilvopastoral Systems and Well-Managed Pastures Increase Soil Carbon Stocks in the Brazilian Cerrado |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 39400-090, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil;2. Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Rod, MG, Brazil;3. Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, 13416-000, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;4. School of Agriculture \"Luiz de Queiroz,\" University of São Paulo, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;1. Austral Center of Scientific Research Tierra del Fuego, Argentina;2. National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Santa Cruz, Argentina;3. National University of Southern Patagonia, Santa Cruz, Argentina;4. National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina;5. Department of Ecology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain;6. National University of Tierra del Fuego, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina;1. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, CEP 78557-267 Sinop, MT, Brazil;2. Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Campus de Nova Xavantina, PO Box 08, CEP 78690-000 Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil;1. Federal University of Goiás, Department of agronomy, Avenida Esperança s/n, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil;2. Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Master''s Program in Soil and Quality of Ecosystems, Rua Rui Barbosa 710, 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil;3. Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Rua Embrapa s/n, 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil;1. College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;2. Department of Soil and Rural Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, PB, Brazil;3. Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, MG, Brazil;4. Center for Agrarian, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, BA, Brazil;5. Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;6. Center of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, MA, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Agrosilvopastoral systems have been promoted as sustainable models that combine crops, livestock grazing, and forestry in the same area. We hypothesize that agrosilvopastoral systems can improve soil C and N stocks over time. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the changes in soil C and N stocks after conversion of low-productivity pasture into well-managed pasture and agrosilvopastoral land in the Brazilian Cerrado. Soil samples were collected in 2016 and 2018 at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm depths from the following areas: integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF), marandu grass (Brachiaria brizantha) monoculture (MAR), low productivity pasture of signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) monoculture (PAST), and native vegetation (NV; “Cerrado”). The C and N content and stocks, 13C natural abundance, and C contents in the physical and chemical fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) were measured. The ICLF and MAR systems promoted faster recovery of soil C and N stocks at all soil depths compared with PAST. The C content of the free light fraction of SOM under the ICLF and MAR systems increased, reaching values similar to NV up to 20 cm. The C content was higher in the humin fraction at all depths in all areas, and for this measurement, the ICLF system performed remarkably compared with PAST at a depth of 5?10 cm. Our findings support the hypothesis that conversion of low-productivity pasture into agrosilvopastoral and actively managed pasture systems leads to improvements in soil quality and C and N stocks in the Brazilian Cerrado. |
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