黄土高原生态脆弱地带植被恢复水资源承载能力 |
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引用本文: | 刘广全,匡尚富,土小宁,焦醒,周海光.黄土高原生态脆弱地带植被恢复水资源承载能力[J].国际沙棘研究与开发,2010,8(1):13-20. |
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作者姓名: | 刘广全 匡尚富 土小宁 焦醒 周海光 |
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作者单位: | 1. 国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京,100048;中国水利水电科学研究院,北京,100048;西北农林科技大学,杨凌,712100 2. 国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京,100048;中国水利水电科学研究院,北京,100048 3. 水利部水土保持植物开发管理中心,北京,100038 4. 中国水利水电科学研究院,北京,100048 |
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基金项目: | "十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目,水利部"948"项目 |
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摘 要: | 本文以黄土高原生态脆弱地带典型人工成林为研究对象,定位观测了林地树木蒸腾、土壤蒸发及土壤水分状况等,分析评价了土壤水分特征,提出了植被恢复初植密度及其动态调控方案。结果表明:测定的林分在植被生长季节内,丰水年土壤贮水量总体为盈余,100cm以上土层水分补充明显,100cm以下土层水分一般呈负增长;平水年的同期降水不能满足林地蒸散消耗;枯水年土壤水分明显亏缺。以多年平均降水量为标准,河北杨、小叶杨、山杏、山桃、柠条和沙棘6种林分稳定密度应分别为:196、332、332、872、757、1438株(丛)/hm^2,初植密度(以株数保存率65%核算)应分别为:302、511、511、1342、1165、2212株(丛)/hm^2。研究区植被恢复造林密度过大是造成土壤水分亏缺、植被生态效益和经济效益难以发挥的重要因素。根据水资源承载力合理确定林分密度能够实现植被生态功能持续发挥、群落稳定演替进而改善生态环境、促进可持续发展的作用。
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关 键 词: | 黄土高原 生态脆弱地带 水量平衡 植被密度 |
Water Resources Carrying Capacity for Vegetation Restoration of Eco-fragile Region in the Loess Plateau |
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Authors: | Liu Guangquan Kuang Shangfu Tu Xiaoning Jiao Xing Zhou Haiguang |
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Institution: | Liu Guangquan1,2,3,Kuang Shangfu1,Tu Xiaoning4,Jiao Xing2,Zhou Haiguang2(1.International Research , Training Center on Erosion , Sedimentation,Beijing 100044,China,2.China Institute of Water Resources , Hydropower Research,3.Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,4.Soil , Water Conservation Center,Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China) |
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Abstract: | This paper studied the water resources carrying capacity for plantation of ecological fragile region in the Loess Plateau. The study observed the transpiration, soil evaporation and soil moisture in forest and analyzed the soil water characteristics. The initial planting density and dynamic control plan was suggested. The results showed that during the plant growing period the soil water had surplus in the wet year. The soil moisture above 100cm soil layer was significantly replenished while the soil moistu... |
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Keywords: | The Loess Plateau Eco-fragile region Water balance Stand density |
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