| 减施化肥配施不同有机肥对优质籼稻产量和品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 文春燕,熊运华,王萍,张志英,姚晓云,彭志勤,陈金,吴延寿.减施化肥配施不同有机肥对优质籼稻产量和品质的影响[J].土壤,2023,55(2):280-287. |
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| 作者姓名： | 文春燕 熊运华 王萍 张志英 姚晓云 彭志勤 陈金 吴延寿 |
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| 作者单位： | 江西省农业科学院水稻研究所,江西省农业科学院水稻研究所,国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西省农业科学院水稻研究所,江西省农业科学院水稻研究所,江西省农业科学院水稻研究所,国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西省农业科学院水稻研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 江西省重点研发计划(20201BBF61001)和国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心开放课题(2020NETRCRSI-11)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为比较减施化肥配施商品有机肥和生物有机肥对优质籼稻产量和品质的影响差异，以6个不同类型优质籼稻品种作为供试材料，设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、商品有机肥和化肥按氮含量1︰1配施(SF)、生物有机肥和化肥按氮含量1︰1配施(WF) 4个处理，结果表明：(1)施肥能够显著提高优质籼稻产量，但对比单施化肥处理配施有机肥显著降低所有品种的产量，其中配施生物有机肥处理产量较配施商品有机肥呈增产趋势，但不显著。(2)相对于化肥处理，配施有机肥通过提高稻米整精米率、垩白粒率和垩白度改善了稻米加工品质并降低了外观品质，少数品种达显著水平。(3)配施有机肥较化肥处理具有延长稻米胶稠度的趋势，但不显著，并在配施生物有机肥下达最长，但绝大数品种的蛋白质含量却较化肥处理显著降低，从而提高米饭的适口性。(4)配施有机肥能提高稻米峰值黏度和崩解值，降低消减值和糊化温度，虽然变化不显著，但使得稻米RVA谱特征值接近不施肥处理的水平，有利于改善稻米食味品质，特别是配施生物有机肥更为接近。
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| 关 键 词： | 优质籼稻 减施化肥 商品有机肥 生物有机肥 产量 稻米品质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/6/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/12/6 0:00:00 |
Effects of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer Application on Yield and Rice Quality in High-quality Indica Rice |
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| WEN Chunyan,XIONG Yunhu,WANG Ping,ZHANG Zhiying,YAO Xiaoyun,PENG Zhiqin,CHEN Jin,WU Yanshou.Effects of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer Application on Yield and Rice Quality in High-quality Indica Rice[J].Soils,2023,55(2):280-287. |
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| Authors: | WEN Chunyan XIONG Yunhu WANG Ping ZHANG Zhiying YAO Xiaoyun PENG Zhiqin CHEN Jin WU Yanshou |
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| Institution: | Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement,Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement,Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
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| Abstract: | The aim of the experiments is to comprehensive comparison of the influence of reduced chemical fertilizer with commercial organic fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers were carried out on the yield and quality of high-quality indica rice. The experiments were conducted using six high-quality indica rice varieties and 4 fertilizer treatments including no fertilization (CK), chemical fertilizer (CF), apply commercial organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer according to 1:1 nitrogen content (SF), and apply bio-organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer according to 1:1 nitrogen content (WF). The results showed that: 1) Fertilization significantly improved the yield of high-quality indica rice(P<0.05). Compared with CF, the combined application of organic fertilizer significantly decreased the yield of all varieties(P<0.05), whereas the rice yield in combined application of bio-organic fertilizer was slightly higher than that in commercial organic fertilizer(P>0.05). 2) Compared with CF, the combined application of organic fertilizer improve rice processing quality and reduce appearance quality by increasing the rice milling rate, the chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree, and a few varieties reached a significant level. 3) Compared with CF, the combined application of organic fertilizer increased rice gel consistency(P>0.05), and the combined application of bio-organic fertilizer reached the maximum. However, the protein content of most varieties is significantly lower than CF(P<0.05), thereby improving the palatability of rice. 4) Compared with CF, combined application of organic fertilizer increased the peak viscosity and breakdown, decreased setback and pasting temperature(P>0.05), while the RVA profile characteristics of rice was close to the level of no fertilization treatment. The combined application of organic fertilizers was beneficial to improve the eating quality of rice, especially the combined application of microbial organic fertilizers. |
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| Keywords: | High-quality indica rice Reducing chemical fertilization Commercial organic fertilizer Bio- organic fertilizer Yield Rice quality |
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