| 磷肥配施生物质改良剂对盐渍土改良与玉米增产的效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 王雨,刘传洲,陈金林,刘广明,王秀萍,姚荣江.磷肥配施生物质改良剂对盐渍土改良与玉米增产的效应[J].土壤,2023,55(2):348-355. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王雨 刘传洲 陈金林 刘广明 王秀萍 姚荣江 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏沿海生态科技发展有限公司 南京,南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 河北唐山 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| 摘 要： | 以玉米为供试作物，通过田间试验设置无磷肥和生物质改良剂对照、单施不同量磷肥和磷肥配施生物质改良剂(微生物菌肥、生物质炭、腐殖酸和黄腐酸)处理，研究了磷肥配施生物质改良剂对盐渍化土壤的改良效应及对玉米的增产作用。结果表明：与对照处理相比，各处理的土壤容重和pH分别降低1.96%～14.38%和0.11%～1.98%，土壤有效磷含量增加33.71%～182.39%；施磷75 kg/hm2处理下的籽粒磷素积累量最高，施磷150 kg/hm2处理下的茎秆、叶片和植株的磷素积累量最显著；磷肥利用率、磷肥农学效率和磷肥偏生产力随施磷量增加呈下降趋势。与对照处理相比，各处理的玉米单株鲜重和干重分别增加6.52%～34.78%和11.54%～42.31%，百粒重和产量分别增加31.15%～40.52%和21.81%～60.02%。主成分分析表明，150 kg/hm2磷肥配施7 500 kg/hm2生物质炭处理的综合得分最高(分值为1.255 1)，该处理在土壤改良、磷肥利用与玉米增产等方面的综合效果最优。
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| 关 键 词： | 磷肥 生物质改良剂 盐渍化土壤 改良效应 玉米产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/6/6 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/8/16 0:00:00 |
Effects of Phosphate Fertilizer Combined with Biological Materials on Saline Soil Improvement and Maize Yield |
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| WANG Yu,LIU Chuanzhou,CHEN Jinlin,LIU Guangming,WANG Xiuping,YAO Rongjiang.Effects of Phosphate Fertilizer Combined with Biological Materials on Saline Soil Improvement and Maize Yield[J].Soils,2023,55(2):348-355. |
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| Authors: | WANG Yu LIU Chuanzhou CHEN Jinlin LIU Guangming WANG Xiuping YAO Rongjiang |
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| Institution: | Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University;China;Jiangsu Coastal Ecological Technology Development Co,Ltd;China;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences;China;Institutes of Coastal Agriculture,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestay Sciences,Tangshan;China,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Jiangsu Coastal Ecological Technology Development Co,Ltd,Institutes of Coastal Agriculture,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestay Sciences,Tangshan |
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| Abstract: | This experiment was investigated to study the effects of phosphorus fertilizer combined with four kinds of biological materials (microbial fertilizer, biochar, humic acid and fulhuic acid) on salinized soil improvement and maize yield. A total of 16 treatments including no phosphate fertilizer and no biological material treatment (CK), conventional phosphorus fertilizer (P5, P10 and P15), and phosphorus fertilizer combined with materials (P5W, P5S, P5F, P5H, P10W, P10S, P10F, P10H, P15W, P15S, P15F, P15H, P15H) were set up in this experiment. We determined indexes, including soil physical and chemical properties, phosphorus utilization, and maize yield. Results showed that compared with CK, the soil bulk density and pH decreased by 1.96%-14.38% and 0.11%-1.98%, soil available P content increased by 33.71%-182.39%. P accumulation in grain was the highest under 75 kg/hm2 P fertilizer application and P accumulation in stem, leaf and plant was the most significant under 150 kg/hm2 P fertilizer application. The utilization rate of P fertilizer, agricultural efficiency of P fertilizer and partial productivity of P fertilizer decreased as the P fertilizer amount increased. Maize fresh weight and dry weight per plant increased by 6.52%-34.78% and 11.54%-42.31%. The 100-grain weight and yield increased by 31.15%-40.52% and 21.81%-60.02%. Principal component analysis showed that the highest comprehensive score of 150 kg/hm2 P fertilizer combined with 7500 kg?hm-2 biochar treatment was 1.2551, and this treatment had the best comprehensive effect on soil improvement, phosphorus fertilizer utilization and maize yield increase.This study provides important theoretical and technical support for salinized soil improvement and efficient phosphate fertilizer utilization. |
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| Keywords: | Phosphate fertilizer Biological materials Salinized soil Improvement effect Maize yield |
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