Genetic analysis and PCR-based identification of major <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium</Emphasis> species causing head blight on wheat in Japan |
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| Authors: | Wen-Hsin Chung Hideo Ishii Kumiko Nishimura Michiyo Ohshima Toshitaka Iwama Hideaki Yoshimatsu |
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| Institution: | (1) National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai 3-1-3, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan;(2) Aomori Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, Kuroishi Aomori, 036-0389, Japan;(3) Oita Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, Usa Oita, 872-0103, Japan;(4) Present address: Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Identifying the Fusarium species cause Fusarium head blight (FHB) and produces mycotoxins in wheat and other cereal is difficult and time consuming because of confusing
phenotypic classification systems. In Japan, the F. graminearum complex, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, and Microdochium nivale predominantly cause FHB. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S of rDNA, a partial sequence of β-tubulin and mitochondrial
cytochrome b (cytb) genes of the four species were PCR-amplified and analyzed. On the basis of the ITS, β-tubulin and cytb sequences, F. avenaceum and M. nivale are distinct from the F. graminearum complex and F. culmorum, whereas the F. graminearum complex is closely related to F. culmorum. Moreover, thiophanate–methyl-resistant isolates of the F. graminearum complex and F. culmorum did not have an amino acid substitution at amino acid codon 198 or 200 of β-tubulin. In contrast, very highly or highly thiophanate–methyl-resistant
isolates of M. nivale had Glu (GAG) substituted with Ala (GCG) or Lys (AAG) at codon 198, respectively. The allele-specific PCR assay was used
to identify the F. graminearum complex and F. culmorum, and these Fusarium species could be distinguished rapidly. |
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| Keywords: | Fusarium head blight rDNA-ITS β -tubulin Cytochrome b Allele-specific PCR |
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